hitelligence and Miscellaneous Articles. 153 



cetate of lead. During this operation it yields only acetic acid and 

 a little pyroacetic spirit; afterwards the latter product only is ob- 

 tained, mixed with much carbonic acid. Analysed by means of 

 oxide of copper pyroacetic spirit yielded 



Oxygen ' 33-7361 = 2 atoms. 



Hydrogen 6-4-039 = 3 do. 



Carbon 59-8600 = 5 do. 



1000000 

 When pure pyroacetic spirit rapidly decomposes : by exposure to the 

 air for a few minutes it becomes acid and milky, acetic acid and a 

 substance of an oleaginous appearance are produced. It is rapidly 

 decomposed by potassium with the disengagement of much heat ; 

 the spirit thickens and becomes of a yellowish-brown ; soon an olea- 

 ginous substance collects on the surface, which has a fine green 

 colour and a smell like that of mint ; the liquid from which it sepa- 

 rates contains acetate of potash. Chlorine occasions the formation 

 of a similar oil. — Ann. de Chim. et de Ph. vol. xlvi. p. 429. 



heduction of titanium, by m. liebig. 



M. Rose; has observed that the chloride of titanium and ammonia 

 discovered by him did not sublime when heated, and that at higher 

 temperatures a part of the salt was reduced to metallic titanium, a 

 Very thin plate of which covered the place previously occupied by 

 the salt. It is upon this observation that the following method is 

 founded, by which any quantity of this metal may be obtained at a 

 moderate expense. 



Put into a glass tube of two or three feet long and half an inch in 

 diameter, recently prepared chloride of titanium and ammonia. This 

 substance, without being pressed, ought to fill about half the tube, 

 which is then to be placed horizontally on a furnace, and connected 

 with an apparatus for disengaging ammoniacal gas, which is to be 

 well dried by being passed tlirough a tube containing caustic potash. 



The empty part of the tube is then to be surrounded by burning 

 coals, and a gentle current of ammonia is to be passed through it. 

 The part which contains the salt is to be gradually heated, and the 

 heat is to be insensibly increased until the tube begins to soften. The 

 chloride of titanium and ammonia is entirely reduced ; and when the 

 tube is cooled, the metal may be taken out in the state of powder, 

 and possessing a deep violet-blue colour, or in cohering scales with 

 the appearance of copper. Care must be taken not to expose it to 

 the air before it is cold, because it readily burns, and is converted 

 into titanic acid. In using sublimed chloride of titanium and ammo- 

 nia for the reduction of titanium, the metal is obtained in the form 

 of very brilliant crystalline groups. 



The part of the tube which is least heated is sometimes stopped up 

 by the muriate of ammonia which collects in it ; on which account it is 

 useful to introduce a .small tube about 6 or 8 inches in length, and 

 to remove the muriate of aiDuionia which adheres to it occasionally. 



iV..S. Vol. II. No. 62. Feb. 1S:J2. X Probably 



