50 Geological Society. 



Bavaria, resting in horizontal strata on the granite of the Bohemian 

 mountains ; and he points out as a necessary inference arising there- 

 from, that the Hartz and Bohmerwald-Gebirge have been elevated 

 at distinct periods. 



Tertiary Formations. — Those peculiar transition-tertiary forma- 

 tions described by Professor Sedgwiciv and the author at Gosau, and 

 in the Austrian Alps, are stated to have been not as yet discovered in 

 central Germany, but only along certain points encompassing it, such 

 as at Maestricht, in the Baltic, the Carpathians, and the Alps. The true 

 tertiary formations, though of considerable extent in different parts of 

 the country, particularly in Hanover, Westphalia, &c., are stated to 

 have been hitherto little attended to by native authors. Without en- 

 deavouring to give anything like a general account of the tertiary de- 

 posits of Germany, the author rapidly enumerates several localities 

 where there are great exhibitions of sands, clays, lignite, &c. of the 

 age of the plastic and London clays, particularly at Hesse Cassel, 

 and the environs, where the brow^n coal, &c. of this epoch is traversed, 

 and in parts prismatized by the overlying basalt (Meisner, &c.). The 

 lower tertiaries are again spoken of as appearing in many points near 

 Frankfort. In the environs of Mayence, Wisbaden, &c. it is shown 

 that they pass upwards into a great estuary deposit of white limestone 

 and marl, in which fluviatile and land-shells greatly predominate over 

 those of marine origin, and at Monbach are associated with bones 

 of large mammalia, so that the author inclines to the belief of the 

 previous existence of a vast estuary or brackish lake in this spot, the 

 waters of which have been let oft by the fissure through the Taunus 

 Mountains in which the Rhine now flows. 



The low countries of Westphalia, Osnabruch, Briinde, &c. are 

 specially cited as regions in which a vast development of tertiary ma- 

 rine strata exists ; and little doubt is entertained that when fully 

 examined they will afford representatives of most of the formations 

 from the calcaire grassier to the crag inclusive, the latter having 

 been already discovered at Antwerp, &c. 



The deposits of unmixed lacustrine origin in central and southern 

 Germany, such as Oettingen,Steinheini,&c.are merely named, having 

 been already alluded to in a memoir upon CEningen, in which the 

 author endeavoured to prove that deposit to be one of the most recent 

 on the surface of the earth ; and he terminates this communication 

 with an account of a more newly discovered accumulation of the 

 same nature at Georges Gemiind near Roth, which, from its organic 

 remains, is proved to be of an age intermediate between the gypseous 

 period of the Paris basin, and the youngest lacustrine formations. 

 Beds of sandy marl, and whitish concretionary limestone are said to 

 occur in isolated patches, crowning low hills of keiiper sandstone at 

 heights of about 150 feet above the present drainage of the district, 

 and containing subordinate layers of calcareous, ferruginous and 

 bony breccia, in portions of which, collected by the author, Mr. Pent- 

 land has discovered Palceotherium magnum ; Anoplotherium, new 

 species, resembling A. commune, and a new genus allied to Anlhraco- 

 therium or Lopihodon. Mr. Clift has identified fragments of the teeth 



and 



