Zoological Society. 6l 



other species in which the naked neck has on each side a longitudi- 

 nal fold of skin, was laid on the table : and it was pointed out that 

 in this bird the fold of skin terminates an inch below the opening 

 of the ear, while in the Sociable Vulture it passes upwards and sur- 

 rounds the upper part of the ear ; and that the breast-feathers of 

 the Pondichery Vulture are short and rounded, while those of the 

 Sociable Vulture are very long and somewhat sabre-shaped. 



Mr. Gray stated, that since i\I. Ruppel's Monograph was written, 

 he had apprised that scientific traveller, in answer to his previous 

 inquiries on the subject, that a specimen of another vulture rejected 

 by him as a doubtful species (the Vultur Augolensis, Lath.) exists 

 in the British Museum, to which it was presented on the return of 

 the unfortunate expedition up the river Congo. 



Mr. Owen resumed the reading of his Memoir on the Anatomy of 

 the Orang Utan {Siinia Sati/rus, h.), YiorUons of which had been 

 communicated by him to the Committee at several of its previous 

 Meetings. On this occasion he limited himself to the myology of 

 the lower extremities. 



He commenced by remarking, that no anatomist can contemplate 

 the lower extremity of a Quadrumanous animal, or experience the 

 degree of mobility of which the several parts of it are susceptible in 

 the living or undissected body, without being prepared to find cor- 

 responding modifications of the muscular system and consequent de- 

 viations from the structure of these parts as they exist in man. It is 

 accordingly in this part of the body that the most remarkable diffe- 

 rences in the forms, proportions, and attachments of the muscles are 

 found to obtain between the ape and the human subject ; and it will 

 not therefore be matter of surprise to find, that in tlie Orang Utan, 

 whose inferior extremities, from their shortness and flexibility, are 

 so well adapted to the various agile movements of a climber, there 

 exists a high degree of this deviation from the human structure, 

 and an approximation, in some measure symmetrical, to the arrange- 

 ment of the moving powers in the upper extremity. Variations of 

 more or less consequence occur, indeed, so frequently as to render 

 it necessary to consider the whole of the muscles seriatim; and 

 each of them was accordingly described separately as regarded 

 its attachments, foim, and relative position. These details arc 

 necessarily abridged in the present abstract, except as regards 

 the nmscles of the hinder hands, which require a developed notice 

 to render their structure intelligible. 



Tile gluta-us magnus is a thin narrow muscle, inserted lower down 

 the thigij bone, and having a more posterior origin than in man : 

 its extent of action is consequently increased, though its strength 

 is diminished, 'l^hc glutceus medius is also relatively longer than in 

 man, and is four times as thick as the preceding muscle. The^//i- 

 ta;us minor is narrow, long, and thin. The ■pyriformn is narrower 

 than in man. The tendon of the obturator luternua passes as usual 

 between \\\cgcmini, of which the inferior is much the largest. The 

 obturator cxtcrnus is considerably larger than the iiitcrnus. The 

 qnadralus Jcnioris has very little of the square in its sh;ipe, being 



much 



