Meteorological Observations fo7- October 1831. 471 



Clouds. 



Cirrus. Cirrocumulus. Cirrostrntus. Stratus. Cumulus. Cnniulostr. Nimlius. 



19 7 30 1 19 24 5?3 



Scale of the prevailing Winds. 

 N. N.E. E. S.E. S. S.W. W. N.W. Davs. 

 ii h 2 17 12 7i h 31 



General Observations. — This month has been remarkably mild fur the 

 season, but windy and very wet, it Isaving rained more or less on twenty- 

 three days, and the amount is one inch and a halt" more than the mean 

 depth of October for a series of years; the rain was often accompanied 

 with brisk gales from the South-west. From the absence of frost tlie mean 

 temperatiu-e of the external air this month is four deurees higher than the 

 mean of October for many years past; and the temperature of sjirin^ water 

 has decreased very little from its maximum for the year. A large lunar 

 halo presented itself several hours in the evening of the 16th, and solar 

 halos on the 28th and 30th. 



On the 29th at 10 ]^.'!s\. an aurora borealis appeared, and rose slowly 

 till a quarter past 11, when its lower arch was at its greatest height in the 

 magnetic north, viz. about 16° and 73° in extent on the horizon. At 

 this time a few colunms of light ascended from beneath the arch, but 

 they were thin and rather faint, and did not reach much higher than the 

 head of the Dragon. By 12 o'clock the aurora had disappeared, and was 

 followed by a gale of wind in less than twenty-four hours. 



The atmospheric and meteoric phasnomena that have come within our 

 observations this month, are, one lunar and two solar halos, eight meteors, 

 two rainbows, an aurora borealis, and eleven gales of wind, or days on 

 which they have prevailed, namely, two from the South, seven from the 

 South-west, and two from the West. 



REMARKS. 



London. — October 1. Cloudy and warm: rain. 2. Cloudy: fine- 

 3, 4. Fine: rain at nights. 5 — 7. Fine. 8. Cloudy: heavy rain and thunder 

 at noon : foggy. 9. Overcast: fine. 10. Fine. 11. Rain. 12. Continued 

 rain, becoming very heavy at night; depth amounting to the unusual quan- 

 tity of one inch in twenty-four hours. 13. Rain: cloudy and windy at 

 night. 14. Fine: showers. 15. Stormy and wet : clear. 16, 17. Fine. 

 18. Foggy. 19.Veryfine. 20. Overcast: fine. 21. Rain: clear. 22. Stormy, 

 with rain. 23. Rain : clear. 24. Fine : overcast. 25. Rain : clear and fine: 

 windy, with rain at night. 26. Slight showers : rain and thick fog at night. 

 27. Rain. 28. Very fine. 29. Slight fog : fine. 30, 31. Fine. 



Penzance. — October 1. Fair: showers. 2. Fair. 3, 4. Rain. 5,6. Fair. 

 7. Rain: fair. 8. Showers: fair. 9. Fair: rain. 10. Fair: showers. 1 1. Fair. 

 12. Fair: showers. 13. Fair: rain. 14 — 17. Fair. 18. Rain. 19. Fair. 

 20. Rain. 21. Fair. 22, 23. Rain. 24. Fair. 25. Showers. 26. Rain. 

 27. Fair: showers. 28 — 30. Fair. 31. Fair: showers. 



Jtoiton. — October 1. Rain : rain early a.m. 2. Cloudy : rain early a..m. 

 3. Cloudy: rain at night. 4, 5. Fine: rain early a.m. 6. Rain. 7. Fine, 

 rain early A.M. 8. Fine: rain i-.m. 9. Cloudy. 10. Fine. II. Cloudy. 

 12. Cloudy : rain p.m. 13. Cloudy. 14. Rain and stormy. 15 — 17. Fine. 

 18. Foggy. 19, 20. Cloudy. 21. Rain. 22. Fine: stormy night. 

 23. Cloudy: rain a.m. and r..M. 24. Fine. 25. Cloudy. 26. Fine. 

 27. Cloudy: rain at night. 28. Fine. 29. Cloudy. 30. Fine. 31. Cloudy. 



Mt'tcorO' 



