About 44 scales in a longitudinal series, 6 in a trans\-erse 

 series. Teeth present in both jaws, minute. 



Dorsal with 15 rays, its origin half wav between end of 

 snout and root of caudal. Anal with 19 rays originating 

 behind dorsal. Pectoral 2,',, in head. Vertebra 46. 



Colour : Dark above, silvery below. 



This fish closely resembles the European Anchovy {E. 

 encrasichohis L.), but differs from it in having teeth in the lower 

 ]aw and a fewer number of scales in the lateral line (44 as 

 against 48). The number of vertebrae is the same— 46 in one 

 specimen examined— and the colour, general shape of bodv. 

 etc., are very similar. 



In referring to E. antipodum of the Australian regions. 

 C^unther states that " the only difference between European 

 specimens and those from the Southern Hemisphere is a 

 slightly increased number of anal rays, viz., 18-20." He 

 regards it, therefore, as a variety of E. encrasicholus. The 

 South African specimens resemble Giinther's specimen from 



Eiigr.iiih.s cup.iisis. Tile Cape .Viichovv. 



Van Diemen's Land and New Zealand in ha^-ing the additional 

 rays, but differ from it in the same features which mark it off 

 from E. encrasicholus. There seems little doubt as to the 

 constancy of these differences. The scales have been counted 

 in about half-a-dozen specimens, showing a possible difference 

 of one or two scales, but nothing hke 48. The teeth in the 

 lower ]aw are also well marked and rather numerous but 

 smaller and readily seen with a lens or under a low power of 

 the microscope, the longest being about -2 mm. in length. 



This fish differs markedly from the only other South African 

 Anchovy, which has been sufficiently described (E. holodon 

 Blgr.) most obviously in the length of the maxillary, which 

 in that species reaches the gill opening, and in the position of 

 the anal, which originates below the middle of dorsal. 



It is not a point of great importance as to whether early 

 authors, who described the South African Anchovv referred 



[C.P. 5—13.] 



