SUMMARY OF THE EVIDENCE. 301 



birth to their yonng. He often noticed milk flowing out of their 

 breasts. He had seen live pups cut out of their mothers and live 

 around on the decks for a week. 



Peter Brown (ibid., p. 377), a native, part owner of a schooner for about 

 seven years and owner of the James G. Swan for about three years; 

 hunted in Bering Sea in 18SS; the catch was nearly all cows that had 

 given birth to their young and had milk in their teats. His people 

 hunted with the spear and therefore did not lose many that they hit. 



Thomas Brown, No. 2 (ibid ., p. 400), made a sealing voyage to the 

 North Pacific and Bering sea on the Alexander. They caught 250 

 seals before entering the sea, the largest percentage of which were 

 females, most of them having young pups in them. He saw some of 

 the young pups taken out of them. They entered the sea about the 

 1st of May and caught between 000 and 700 seals, from 30 to 150 miles 

 off the seal islands. Four out of five were females in milk. He saw the 

 milk running on the deck when he skinned them. They used mostly 

 shotguns, and got on the average 3 or 5 out of every 12 killed and 

 wounded. Evidently these were what has been termed " green hands." 



Charles Challall, who has been heretofore quoted, a sailor in 188 ^ on 

 the Vanderbilt, in 1889 on the White, and in 1890 on the Hamilton, gives 

 his experience, which may be found at pages 410 and 411. They cap- 

 tured a great many seals on the fishing banks j nst north of and close 

 by the Aleutian Archipelago. Most of the seals they killed going up 

 the coast were females heavy with pup. He thinks nine out of every 

 ten were females. At least 7 out of 8 seals caught in the Bering Sea 

 were mothers with milk. 



Circus Jim (ibid., p. 380), a native Makah Indian, captured a great many 

 cow seals that were giving milk. Most of the seals he caught in the sea 

 were giving milk. His theory as to the decrease of the animal, which he 

 states as an undoubted fact, is that the white hunters had been hunt- 

 ing them so much with guns. "If so much shooting at seals is not 

 stopped they will soon be all gone." 



James Claplanhoo (ibid., p. 381), a native Makah Indian, evidently 

 found the business profitable, for he was the owner of the schooner Lottie, 

 of 28 tons burden. Formerly he used nothing but spears in hunting 

 seals, but he had since that resorted occasionally to the use of a gun. 

 He says that about one-half of all the seals that he had captured in 

 the Sea or on the coast were full grown cows with pups in them. In 

 1837, about the first of June, he went into Bering Sea in his own 



