88 THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



and represent the grounds covered by the same. The gray color on said 

 charts so signed by me, and the red color on the reprints of the same, rep- 

 resent the places occupied by breeding seals in 1891, which said spaces 

 were covered by groups of said seals. The white spaces on said orig- 

 inal charts, as explained by legend on reprints, represent the grounds 

 over which seals have at various times hauled, as is plainly indicated 

 by the condition of said areas. 



The grounds occupied by the seals for breeding purposes are along 



_ _ , „„. the coast, extending from high-water mark back 



Samuel Falconer, p.m. tQ ^ cliffg? wMch abound on g t George Mand> 



It may be said in the start that the grounds held by the fur-seals are 

 known at the islands as "rookeries" and "haul- 

 Jolm M. Morton, p. 66. ing grounds." On the former are found the breed- 

 ing seals, viz, the full-grown males not less than 

 six years of age, and females of three years old and upwards. The 

 grounds comprising the rookeries slope upward from the sea in a grad- 

 ual and easy manner, and are characterized by hard dry surfaces of 

 volcanic cement or basaltic rock. They are readily accessible from the 

 water and possess other favorable conditions for occupancy by the seal 

 life. 



HAULING GROUNDS. 



Page 92 of The Case. 



An inspection of the general map of St. Paul Island will show that 

 there are now existing thereon practically ten 

 J. Stanley Brown, p. 13. rookeries, some of which, however, coalesce. 



These rookeries are: Northeast Point, Little 

 Polavina, Big Polavina, Lukannon, Ketavie, Reef, Garbotch, Lagoon, 

 Tolstoi, Zapadnie. 



Upon the Island of St. George it will be seen that there are five rook- 

 eries: Great East, Little East, North, Starry Arteel, Zapadnie. 



The area of a "hauling ground" is an ever-changing quantity, but 

 the locality at which bachelor seals hauled in 1SD1 and the approxi- 

 mate areas hauled over is also indicated on the charts. 



The young males or "bachelors," not being allowed to land on these 

 breeding places, lie back of and around these 



Samuel Falcon tr, p. 164. breeding grounds on areas designated " hauling 

 grounds." 



CENSUS OF SEAL LIFE IMPOSSIBLE. 

 Page 93 of The Case. 



In 1S73 I assisted Prof. Henry W. Elliott in making his measure- 

 ments and estimates of the number of seals on St. 



Samuel Falconer, p. 161. George Island. We set up stakes at some dis- 

 tance froin the breeding rookeries while they were 



