26 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 



sea as the land was uplifted following the removal of the ice. Care- 

 ful work has enabled the local geologists to correlate these terraces 

 fairly precisely with the development of the human race as illustrated 

 by its artifacts. 



Perhaps nowhere in Europe is the recent enlargement of cities 

 and villages so strikingly apparent as in Czechoslovakia ; the old 

 buildings are usually dark colored from weathering, so that the new 

 construction forms a light-colored ring around the old nucleus. Six 

 years ago I first became acquainted with attractive Bohemia and con- 

 sequently welcomed the opportunity of spending several weeks within 

 its confines this summer. Prague is ever alluring. Hours pass as 

 moments when one walks about in the narrow winding streets of 

 the two old sections of this ancient city. Each corner opens a dif- 

 ferent vista by day, but the greatest charm is at night when the soft 

 white gaslamps in the quaint old lanterns shed just enough light to 

 bring out the picturesque buildings. The fossil collections also are 

 more than usually interesting, as they contain some of the earliest 

 described fossils, besides many others to which long histories are 

 attached. 



Under the guidance of Dr. Jan Koliha I visited several interesting 

 villages east of Prague. One evening we went out to the beautifully 

 restored monastery-castle at Zbraslov, presented by its owner to the 

 government to be used as an historical museum, and another of our 

 visits to important outcrops took us to the famous Karlstein Castle, 

 now also national property. The most interesting Czech village visited 

 was Skreyje, famous as the locality from which so many fine Cam- 

 brian fossils have been obtained. The hotelier, Mr. Sindler, main- 

 tains a fine private museum which he delights in showing to visitors. 



At Prague I was joined by Prof, and Mrs. B. F. Howell, of Prince- 

 ton University, and Dr. E. S. Cobbold, the octogenarian English 

 geologist of whom I shall speak later, for a geological trip to Poland. 

 At Kielce in central Poland southeast of Warsaw, our party was met 

 by three of the local geologists ; automobiles were provided and our 

 entire party was shown the geology about the city and eastward into 

 the Sainte Croix Mountains, the most primitive region in all Poland 

 because of its sandy soil, derived chiefly from the glacial debris. 

 Immediately east of the Sudete Mountains, which separate former 

 Russian territory from that which belonged to Austria, Russian 

 dress, farm implements and methods of farming appear and increase 

 in relative numbers eastward. 



We next visited Warsaw and looked over the collections at the 

 Geological Survey and the university. The Geological Survey was 



