NEANDERTHAL MAN 
front showed no signs of having been disturbed, and here 
they concentrated their efforts. Sinking a trench in a 
thick layer of brown earth mixed with numerous fragments 
of limestone, they came at a depth of four feet to a layer 
some twelve to sixteen inches thick containing fragments 
of bones and flints, débris of pottery, and several thou- 
sand implements of wood and stone, ornaments, and the 
like. The stone implements, of rather high-class work- 
manship, seemed of the Mousterian cultural type. 
Returning to their excavations in 1886, de Puydt and 
Lohest found in June two human skeletons, besides large 
quantities of bones of animals and flints and other arti- 
facts of the Mousterian type. Professor Fraipont, of the 
University of Liége, joined in the examination of the 
discovery and in its announcement in Bulletins of the 
Royal Academy of Belgium. According to this an- 
nouncement the human bones were found at a depth of 
thirteen feet below the surface, which here rose con- 
siderably higher than the floor of the cave. There was no 
evidence of previous disturbance of the superincumbent 
layers. The accumulation contained fallen rocks, earth, 
many traces of man’s early occupation, and numerous 
remains of fossil animals. 
The skeletons, called Spy No. 1 and Spy No. 2, lay, 
respectively, twenty-eight and twenty feet to the south 
of the cave entrance. They were inclosed by an undis- 
turbed layer of argillaceous tufa, from which they were 
removed only with great difficulty and some damage. 
More in detail, a section of the deposits showed them 
to consist of: | 
A. Brown earth and fallen rocks; thickness approxi- 
mately 2.90 m. (over g ft.). No paleontological or human 
remains. 
B. Yellow argillaceous tufa, inclosing limestone blocks, 
0.80 m. (2% ft.) in thickness. This layer could be broken 
only with difficulty by the pick. It gave some bones of 
the mammoth and deer, and also some worked fiints. 
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