MAN FROM THE FARTHEST PAST 
tives. There were also a few instruments of Acheulian 
type, and a number of well-chipped blades as well as other 
forms that presaged the Aurignacian. There was no 
trace, however, of any worked bone. 
The animal bones show generally signs of intentional 
breaking, for the marrow; some show also traces of fire 
or marks of implements. The following species have 
been identified: 
Woolly rhinoceros Fox 
Spotted hyena Badger 
Reindeer Horse 
Ibex Wild boar 
Extinct bison Marmot 
Wolf 
This is a cold fauna, referable to the last glaciation. 
Under the accumulations the floor of the cavern was 
found to be a whitish, hard, calcareous deposit. In this 
hard base, at a distance of a little over four meters from 
the entrance of the cave, was found a nearly rectangular, 
moderate-sized cavity, 1.45 m. long, 1 m. broad, and 3o 
cm. deep, which lodged a fossil human skeleton. The de- 
pression, in the opinion of the explorers, had clearly been 
made for the body by the primitive inhabitants or visi- 
tors of the cave, and the whole represents a regular burial, 
the most ancient intentional burial thus far discovered. 
The body lay apparently on its back, with the head 
to the westward. The head reposed against the wall of 
the fossa in one corner and was surrounded by stones. 
The left arm was extended, the right bent probably so 
that the hand was applied to or lay near the head. The 
lower limbs were flexed. Above the head were found 
three or four large flat fragments of long bones of animals, 
and somewhat higher there lay, still in their natural rela- 
tion, the foot bones of a large ox or bison, suggesting that 
the whole foot of the animal may have been placed in that 
position, perhaps as an offering to the dead. About the 
body in the fossa were numerous flakes of quartz and 
[ 116 | 
