CHAPTER IX 
THE MOST ANCIENT REMAINS OF MAN 
THE Pittpown REMAINS 
We have already mentioned the Piltdown race in connec- 
tion with Sir Arthur Keith’s interesting experiment. The 
race to which this individual belonged has been named 
Eoanthropus dawsont, or ““Dawson’s dawn man,” in honor 
of its discoverer, Charles Dawson. Between 1908 and 
1912, laborers, digging in the ancient gravels of the river 
Ouse, at Piltdown, in southeastern England, found the 
fossil remains of a human skull of most unusual character. 
Not realizing the importance of their find at first, how- 
ever, they permitted the fragments to be scattered about. 
At length it was brought to the attention of Mr. Dawson, 
and his careful and painstaking researches brought to light 
at various times several fragments. These consisted of 
certain portions of the skull itself, a pair of nasal bones, a 
portion of a lower jaw, and a canine tooth. Mr. Dawson 
kept up his search for additional remains. Early in 1915 
he discovered, some two miles from the first site, two 
fragments of a skull of similar type and a lower left molar 
tooth. 
With the earlier remains were found worn fossils of 
mastodon, rhinoceros, and Stegodon, evidently washed out 
of Pliocene formations, as well as others probably of early 
Pleistocene age, among them hippopotamus, beaver, and 
elk. From the same gravels came also water-worn 
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