THE OLD STONE AGE 
marked a decided advance in armament. It is possible, 
too, that the bow and arrow were known, although the 
evidence for this is necessarily indirect, since materials so 
little durable as those from which these weapons are made 
could scarcely be expected to survive. Very significant of 
the clothing habits of the Magdalenians is the abundance 
of finely made bone or ivory needles (Plate $9), pierced 
with eyes, which occur in deposits of this period. 
Up to this point in our study of early man we have been 
able at the most only to infer the existence of artificial 
habitations of any kind. We kuow that during certain 
am GPS cis 
Fic. 53. Tectiform or hutlike designs from the caves of southern France and 
Spain, of uncertain interpretation; perhaps wild animal traps. After Breuil 
cold periods he lived in the mouths of caves; and we can 
guess that under milder climatic conditions he may even- 
tually have erected windbreaks, or even huts of some sort, 
in the open. But during the Magdalenian the evidence 
for the existence of such constructions becomes much 
stronger. 
Thus the type station of La Madeleine, from which the 
Magdalenian epoch takes its name, is merely a long, shal- 
low rock-shelter which of itself could hardly have afforded 
protection from the elements to such large populations 
as evidently camped there then. The inference is well- 
nigh irresistible that they must have built, along the shel- 
tered area at the foot of the cliff, long lines of habitations 
of some kind. Moreover on the walls of certain caves, 
like those of Font-de-Gaume, in southwestern France, and 
of Castillo and Pasiega, in the extreme north of Spain, we 
find depicted designs which many investigators regard as 
representations of huts or cabins (Fig. 53), though others 
have interpreted them as pictures of traps for capturing 
[ane7 | 
