MAN FROM THE FARTHEST PAST 
parts of the peninsula, being traceable probably to an 
ultimate African origin. Mousterian implements, as- 
sociated in Spain, too, with Neanderthal man, are also 
widespread. It will only be necessary in this connection 
to recall the various finds at Gibraltar already described 
(see Chapter VII). 
In Spain, as elsewhere in western Europe, the Aurigna- 
cian followed the Mousterian. In northern Africa a cul- 
ture already mentioned as very closely resembling, if not 
actually identical with, the Aurignacian, v7z., that known 
as the Early or Lower Capsian, followed. The lack as yet 
of actual skeletal evidence leaves us uncertain whether to 
ascribe the latter culture to the Cro-Magnon race, but 
several reasons suggest that it should be so ascribed. In 
the first place, the Capsians developed a style of art very 
distinctive in character, but unquestionably derived 
originally from the same source as that of the Aurignacians 
and Magdalenians; and the latter, as we know, has been 
found closely associated with the bones of Cro-Magnon 
man. Further, it has been stated that the Cro-Magnon 
type still appears among the Tuareg, an ancient “‘white’’- 
race now inhabiting the western and central Sahara 
Desert. It is also thought to have occurred among the 
Late Stone Age people known as the Guanches, whom 
Europeans found occupying the Canary Islands, off the 
northwestern coast of Africa, when they conquered that 
group some four or five hundred years ago. If these obser- 
vations should prove well founded, they would establish 
a presumption that there was a Cro-Magnon strain, at 
least, in the blood of the Capsian invaders of Spain. 
But the latter seem also to have included in their racial 
composition a very large element ancestral to the Medi- 
terrean race already mentioned in connection with the 
Magdalenian decline. This stock was destined to form the 
basis of the population of western and southern Europe, 
during the Middle and New Stone Ages; and indeed, it 
still predominates in many regions of that area. A round- 
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