THETINEW (STONE ‘AGE 
But man has also sacrificed human beings and even 
eaten them in connection with magical or religious cere- 
monies, just as he has done with animals. Mankind has 
rarely practiced cannibalism solely for food, however, but 
almost always has had the idea of deriving strength and 
Fic. 73. Dog travois used by the American Plains Indians before they acquired 
the horse from the whites. After Wissler 
courage from the flesh of the victim, or of propitiating cruel 
gods by offering human sacrifices and then partaking of 
their bodies in a communal feast. 
Man’s first step in the use of animals for other than food 
or sacrificial purposes probably took place when he slung 
a burden over the back of an ox or a horse while shifting 
camp. It may indeed have been that some tired youngster 
laid his burden across his dog’s back and thus first demon- 
strated that animals could be used for this purpose. The 
dog, in fact, was regularly used as a pack animal by certain 
American Indian tribes before they obtained horses from 
the Spaniards. 
From early times man utilized various animals for car- 
rying loads, among them, especially, donkeys, cattle, and 
[255] 
