THE RHINOCEROS. 19 



reason to believe in the existence of a single- horned 

 species in that region. Bruce states that a one-horned 

 rhinoceros is fouiKl towards Cape Gardafui, according to 

 the accounts of the natives in the kingdom of Adel. 

 Accounts of such an animal were received by Dr. Smith 

 from the natives in the interior of South Africa, who 

 represented it as living far up the country ; moreover 

 Biirckhardt alludes to a one-horned species in the terri- 

 tory above Sennaar, and states that the inhabitants there 

 give it the name of the "mother of the one horn." 

 According to this traveller, its northern boundary, like 

 that of the elephant, is the range of mountains to the 

 north of Abou Huaze, two days' journey from Sennaar. 

 The hide of this animal is manufactured into shields, 

 which have an extensive sale ; the material of the horn 

 is also sold, and at a high price, Burckhardt having seen 

 four or five Spanish dollars paid for a piece four inches 

 long and one inch thick. Was the one-horned rhinoceros 

 seen by Strabo at Alexandria this species or the common 

 Indian ? — and the same question aj)plies to the one- 

 horned rhinoceros, which, with a hipj)opotamus, was 

 given by Augustus, in the celebration of his triumph 

 over Cleopatra, to be slain in the Circus; which animals, 

 Dion Cassius says, were then first seen and killed at 

 Rome — an assertion perfectly erroneous as it respects 

 the rhinoceros, if it was the common Indian species, for 

 Pliny, in his eighth book, alluding to the games of 

 Pompey, mentions the one-horned rhinoceros (Indian, 

 it is presumed) as then exhibited (" lisdem ludis, et rhi- 

 noceros unius in nare cornu, qualis seepe visus "). With 

 respect to the two-horned African species, it was also 

 exhibited in Rome ; and had learned critics known any- 

 thing of natural history, the line in Martial (" namque 

 gravem gemino cornu sic extulitursum ") would not have 

 given rise to so many futile disquisitions and attempted 

 corrections. Pausanias describes a two-horned rhino- 

 ceros under the name of j^^thiopian Bull. Two indivi- 

 duals of the same species appeared at Rome under the 

 Emperor Domitian, on some of whose medals was 

 impressed their figure ; others were exhibited under 



