STANDLEY TREES AND SHRUBS OF MEXICO. 93 



About 8 meters high, freely branched ; leaves about 75 cm. long and 7.5 cm. 

 wide, thin, blue-green. " Isote." 



The fiber extracted from the leaves is fine and of good quality. 



11. Yucca treleasei Macbride, Contr. Gray Herb. n. ser. 56: 15. 1918. 



Yucca brevifolia Schott ; Torr. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 221. 1859, as synonym. 

 Not T. brevifolia Engelm. 1871. 



Region of Nogales, Arizona (the type locality), and doubtless in adjacent 

 Sonora. 



Trunk 2.5 meters high or less, or often wanting; leaves about 75 cm. long, 

 usually 2 to 3 cm. wide, green, smooth, thick and stiff, falcate, the njargins 

 freely filiferous. 



12. Yucca endlichiana Trel. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 18: 229. 1907. 

 Coahuila ; type from Marte. 



Acaulescent ; leaves about 50 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, erect, fleshy, V-shaped, 

 smooth, pungent, bluish green, finely filiferous ; flowers creamy white or pur- 

 plish, about 1.5 cm. long; fruit pendent, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, with thin flesh. 

 " Pitilla." 



The leaves furnish fiber of excellent quality ; it is considered superior to 

 that of " lechuguilla." 



13. Yucca australis (Engelm.) Trel. Rep, Mo. Bot. Gard. 3: 162. 1892. 

 Yucca baccata australis Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 44. 1873. 

 Coahuila (type locality) to Tamaulipas and Quer^taro, perhaps extending to 



the Distrito Federal ; often forming forests. 



Large, much branched tree, sometimes 10 meters high or more ; leaves about 

 30 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide, or sometimes larger, gi'een, stiff, coarsely filifer- 

 ous ; inflorescence pendent, glabrous ; flowers creamy white. " Palma " ( San 

 Luis PotosI and elsewhere) ; "palma corriente " (Queretaro) ; "izote" (Valley 

 of Mexico, perhaps only cultivated there). Known also in various localities 

 as " palma de San Pedro " and " palma samandoca " or " palma samondoca." 



The hollowed trunks are used sometimes for beehives. The leaves give a 

 fiber useful for cordage, and the fiber is sometimes dipped in pitch to make 

 torches for use in mines. The young stems and leaves have been distilled to 

 obtain alcohol. The spongy interior of the trunk is cut into long strips, beaten 

 flat, washed in running water, and made into mats which are used as pads 

 (" sudaderos ") for pack animals. The fiber forms a part of the exported 

 " ixtle " or " Tampico fiber." 



14. Yucca valida T. S. Brandeg. Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 2: 208. pi. 11. 1889. 

 Southern Baja California. 



Usually 4.5 to 6 meters high, branched, the trunks 20 to 60 cm. or more in 

 diameter ; leaves distributed along the stem, 15 to 23 cm. long, 1 to 2 cm. wide, 

 thin, smooth, with whitish threads; panicle somewhat pubescent, not pendent; 

 flowers creamy white. 



15. Yucca decipiens Trel. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 18: 228. 1907. 

 Durango to San Luis Potosi ; type from Gutierrez, Zacatecas. 

 Arborescent, 8 to 10 meters high, much branched above, the trunk sometimes 



2 meters thick, covered with very rough bark; leaves 30 to 60 cm. long, 1 to 4 

 cm, wide, heavily pointed, finely or coarsely filiferous ; panicles about 1.5 

 meters long, not pendent, glabrous or puberulent ; flowers creamy white, 3 to 4 

 cm. long; fruit pendent, 6 to 8 cm. long. " Palma " (Durango) ; " palma china " 

 (Zacatecas, etc.). 



16. Yucca periculosa Baker, Gard. Chron. 1870: 1088. 1870. 

 Yucca circinata Baker, Gard, Chron. 1870: 1088. 1870. 



