STANDLEY TREES AND SHRUBS OF MEXICO. 165 



20. JTJGLANDACEAE. Walnut Family. 



Large shrubs or usually trees, commonly strong-scented ; leaves alternate, 

 pinnate; flowers monoecious, small, greenish, arranged in long drooping catkins: 

 fruit a veiy hard nut, inclosed in a thick dry husk ; seeds deeply lobed, usually 

 edible. 

 Husk of the fruit indehiscent ; fruit very rough ; staminate catkins solitary, 



sessile or nearly so . 1. JUGLANS. 



Husk of the fruit splitting into valves ; fruit smooth or nearly so ; staminate 

 catkins in 3's, long-pedunculate 2. HICORIA. 



1. JUGLANS L. Sp. PI. 997. 1753. 

 The wood of the larger species of Juglans is highly valued because of its 

 hardness, toughness, and durability. That of -/. nigra L., the black walnut of 

 the United States, is much used for furniture and gunstocks. The bark and 

 fruit are sometimes used for tanning and dyeing. The seeds are edible and are 

 often used in sweetmeats. Jiiglans regia L. ("nogal," " nuez grande," " nuez 

 de Castilla "), the English walnut, native of Europe, is cultivated in Mexico. 

 Nuts large, 3 to 4 cm. broad. 



Leaflets sparsely pilose beneath or glabrate, glabrate on the upper surface. 



1. J. pyriformis. 

 Leaflets densely velvety-pilose beneath, stellate-pubescent on the upper sur- 

 face 2. J. mollis. 



Nuts small, 1 to 2.5 cm. broad. 

 Nuts 1 to 1.5 cm. broad ; leaflets narrow, minutely and obscurely serrulate, 



strongly falcate; shrub or small tree 3. J. rupestris. 



Nuts 2 to 2.5 cm. broad ; leaflets broad, conspicuously serrate, scarcely fal- 

 cate; large tree 4. J. major. 



1. Juglans pyriformis Liebm. Nat. For. Kjobenhavn Vid. Medd. 1850: 79. 1850. 

 Veracruz and Hidalgo to Jalisco ; type from Veracruz. 



Doubtless a large tree ; leaflets 9 to 15, acute to attenuate. " Nogal." 

 The material at hand is not very satisfactory and it may be that more than 

 one species is involved. A specimen from Durango (Palmer 104) has a con- 

 spicuously pyriform nut, but the leaflets are almost completely glabrous 

 beneath. Possibly it represents an undescribed species, but it is referred here 

 for the present. Of this collection Palmer gives the following note : " ' Nogal ' ; 

 15 to IS meters high, the trunk 0.6 to 1.2 meters in diameter, the crown wide- 

 spreading; the leaves are thrown in water to stupefy fish." 



2. Juglans mollis Engelm. ; Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. 3: 163. 1883. 

 Juglans mexicana S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 26: 152. 1891. 



Nuevo Leon and San Luis Potosi; type from mountains east of San Luis 

 Potosf. 



Small or medium-sized tree, or sometimes 15 to 18 meters high, with a trunk 

 diameter of a meter ; bark thick, blackish, deeply furrowed ; leaflets usually 9 

 to 15, acutish to attenuate ; catkins 7 to 12.5 cm. long ; nut reddish brown, with 

 rounded ridges. "Nogal," "nuez meca " (San Luis Potosi). 



The tree is said to be valued highly for its wood, which is sawed and is used 

 for bowls, tubs, and other articles. The husks of the fruit are used to procure 

 a coffee-colored dye. The leaves are heated and applied locally for rheumatism. 

 It may be that J. mexicana is a distinct species, but no definite characters are 

 observable in the material at hand. 



