198 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL, HERBARIUM. 



lose beneath, elliptic-obovate, subacute, variously narrowed or rounded or trun- 

 cate at base, moderately petioled, aristately repand to rather deeply lobed ; 

 fruit unknown. " Encina de asta." 



Sapwood red, the heart dark, with still darker stripes. 



23. ULMACEAE. Elm Family. 



Trees or shrubs ; leaves deciduous or persistent, alternate, entire or dentate, 

 usually rough ; flowers small, greenish, perfect or unisexual ; fruit 1-seeded. 



Fruit dry. 



Fruit not winged 1. CHAETOPTELEA. 



Fruit winged 2. ULMUS. 



Fruit a drupe. 



Leaves opposite 3. LOZANELLA. 



Leaves alternate. 



Pistillate flowers in lax many-flowered cymes ; plants unarmed. 



4. TREMA. 

 Pistillate flowers solitary or few ; plants often armed with spines. 



5. CELTIS. 

 1. CHAETOPTELEA Liebm. Nat. For. Kjobenhavn Vid. Medd. 1850: 54. 1850. 



1. Chaetoptelea mexicana Liebm. Nat. For. Kjobenhavn Vid. Medd. 1850: 76. 

 1850. 



Ulnms mexicana Planch, in DC. Prodr. 17: 156. 1873. 



Veracruz, the type from Mirador ; reported from Oaxaca. Costa Rica and 

 Panama. 



Large tree, 15 to 40 meters high, with open crown, the branches ascending ; 

 bark gray, somewhat scaly ; leaves deciduous, oblong-ovate, acuminate, serrate ; 

 flowers yellow ; wood hard, heavy, strong, very tough, rather fine-grained, light 

 or dark brown, sometimes with darker lines. " Olmo " (Oaxaca, Veracruz); 

 " papalote," " cempoalehuatl " (Veracruz); " ira " (Costa Rica); " ceniza," 

 " cenizo " ( Panama ) . 



The wood is used in Mexico for lumber. The bark is astringent and is used 

 for treating coughs. 



Planchon ' has stated that this plant differs in no way from Ulmus. All the 

 species of the latter genus, however, have a broadly winged fruit, while in 

 Chaetoptelea there is no vestige of a wing, and this is a probably a sufficient 

 basis for the maintenance of Liebmann's genus. 



2. ULMUS L. Sp. PI. 225. 1753. 



Sesse and INIociiio reported ^ Ulnms americana from Blexico. The plant so 

 named (if the report is based on an actual plant) probably belongs to some 

 other genus. 



The members of this genus (the elms) are perhaps the finest shade trees for 

 temperate regions, although they are of slow growth. The wood of most species 

 is extremely tough. 



1. Ulmus crassifolia Nutt. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 169. 1837. 



No Mexican specimens seen by the writer, but the species is common along 

 the Rio Grande in Texas, and doubtless occurs in Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas. 

 Texas to Mississippi. 



Tree, sometimes 30 meters high, with a trunk diameter of 1 meter, the 

 branches drooping; bark thick, brown, deeply fissured; leaves oblong or ovate, 



*In DC. Prodr. 17: 156. 1873. * PI. Hisp. 45. 1887. 



