200 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 



Plants armed with spines. 

 Leaves mostly 3 to 5.5 cm. wide, witli numerous small teeth, or sometimes 



entire; fruit short-pilose 1. C. iguanaea. 



Leaves mostly 1 to 2 cm. wide, with few coarse teeth; fruit glabrous or 



nearly so 2. C, pallida. 



Plants unarmed. 



Leaves pinuately nerved, not at all 3-nerved, the lateral nerves very nu- 

 merous , 3. C. monoica. 



Leaves conspicuously 3-nerved at the base, the the lateral nerves few, distant. 

 Leaves finely pilose beneath, usually dentate near the apex. Leaves usually 



scabrous on the supper surface 4. C. caudata. 



Leaves glabrate or sparsely puberulent beneath, entire. 



Leaves very thick, scabrous on the upper surface and grayish green, the 



venation very prominently reticulate beneath 5, C. reticulata. 



Leaves thin, smooth on the upper surface and deep green, the venation 

 not very prominently reticulate beneath 6. C. mississippiensis 



1, Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg. Silv. N. Amer. 7: 64. 1895. 

 Rhamnus iguanaeus Jacq. Enum. PI. Carib. 16. 1760. 

 Mertcnsia laevigata H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 31. 1817. 

 Momisia clirenhergiana Klotzsch, Linnaea 20: 538. 1847. 

 Celtis' an fractuosa Liebm. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Skrivt. V. 2: 338. 1851. 

 Celtis platycaulis Greenm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 39: 78. 1903. 



Momisia iguanaea Rose & Standi. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 8. 1912. 



Chihuahua to Baja California and southward. Central America, West Indies, 

 and South America ; southern Florida and western Texas. 



Shrub or small tree, 3 to 12 meters high, the trunk often 25 to 30 cm. in 

 diameter, the branches armed with stout, usually recurved spines, long and 

 spreading or clambering; branchlets often compressed; leaves ovate or oval; 

 flowers greenish yellow; fruit 8 to 12 mm. long, yellow, somewhat angled. 

 "Granjeno" (Veracruz and elsewhere); " garabato bianco" (Sinaloa) ; "una 

 de gato," " zarza " (Cuba); " cagalera comestible'" (Nicaragua); "gallito" 

 (Santo Domingo). 



The leaves are very variable in shape and toothing, but their variations seem 

 to offer no basis for specific segregation. The leaves of this and the follow- 

 ing species are conspicuously domatiate beneath — furnished with cuplike shelters 

 (for parasites?) in the axils of the veins. The fruit is edible. The specific 

 name is derive<l from the fact that the fruit is eateu by iguanas, the common 

 and characteristic lizards of the tropics. 



2. Celtis pallida Torr. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 203. 1859. 

 Momisia pallida Planch, in DC. Prodr. 17: 191. 1873. 



Chihuahua to Baja California and Oaxaca. Arizona to western Texas (type 

 locality). 



Densely branched spiny shrub, 1 to 6 meters high, the branches often long 

 and recurve<l; leaves oval to oblong, obtuse or acutish; cymes few-flowered; 

 fruit 5 to 8 mm. long, yellow, orange, or red. "Granjeno" (Chihuahua, Du- 

 rango, Nuevo Le6n, Texas; often written "grangeuo") ; "granjeno huasteco " 

 (Tamaulipas) ; "capul" (Durango, Texas); " garabato " (Sinaloa). 



This shrub often forms dense impenetrable thickets of considerable extent. 

 The wood is good for fuel and fence posts. The fruit is edible, but somewhat 

 astringent. Tlie flowers are sjiid to furnish a good quality of honey. 



The pubescence of the branchlets is usually appressed but sometimes spread- 

 ing. The leaves are variable in outline, usually with a few larere teeth, but 



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