STANDLEY TREES AND SHRUBS OF MEXICO. 201 



sometimes entire. The species has been reported from Mexico as Celtis tala 

 Gill., a plant of South America. This is pre.sumably the plant described from 

 Mexico by Sesse and Mocino^ as Rhamnus grangcnos, although it is doubtful 

 whether that name is not referable rather to Celtis iguanaea. 



3. Celtis m^onoica Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. 3: 139. pi. 77. 1883. 

 Veracruz and Oaxaca ; Maria Madre Island ; type from Tantoyuca, Vera- 

 cruz. 



Leaves oblong-ovate, 6 to 9 cm. long, acuminate, lustrous, shallowly serrate, 

 strigose beneath. " Palo de aguila " ( Oaxaca ) . 



Very different in appearance from the other species of the genus, especially 

 because of the pinnate-veined leaves. The fruit bears scattered sharp tubercles. 



4. Celtis caudata Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 10: 294. 1848. 

 Celtis littoralis Liebm. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Skrivt. V. 2:337. 1851. 

 Queretaro and Hidalgo to Michoacdn and Oaxaca; type from Zimapan, 



Hidalgo. 



Tree, usually of small size ; leaves ovate, asynmietric, long-acuminate, at 

 least part of them usually dentate, rarely all entire. 



This is doubtless the species reported from Cuernavaca by Sess4 and 

 Mocino' as Celtis occidentaUs L. 



5. Celtis reticulata Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 2: 247. 1824. 



Ccahuila to Baja California. Texas to Colorado and Arizona : type from 

 the Rocky Mountains. 



Small or large tree, sometimes 15 meters high, with a trunk 50 to 60 

 cm. in diameter, but in arid places frequently only a shrub 3 meters high, the 

 crown dense, broad, the branches often very crooked ; bark white or gray, 

 smooth on young trees, very rough in age ; leaves often rounded-ovate, obtuse 

 or acute, 3 to 7 cm. long ; fruit red or orange, about 8 mm. in diameter ; wood 

 with a specific gravity of about 0.72. "Palo bianco" (Durango, Tamaulipas, 

 Texas); " palo mulato " (Durango); " acibuche " (Chihuahua); " cumbro " 

 (Sinaloa) ; "palo duro " (New Mexico). 



The tree is usually too small and crooked to be of economic importance, but 

 the wood is used for posts and for axe and hoe handles, and for other similar 

 purposes. The leaves are frequently covered with curious insect galls. 



6. Celtis mississippiensis Bosc, Diet. Agr. 10: 541. 1847. 

 Celtis berlandicri Klotzsch, Linnaea 20: 541. 1847. 



Coahuila to Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosl. Northeastward to Illinois and 

 Florida. 



Tree, in some parts of its range 39 meters high, with a trunk 1 meter in 

 diameter ; bark white and smooth on young trees, gray and rough in age, with 

 corky projections ; leaves ovate, 5 to 12 cm. long, acute to long-acuminate ; fruit 

 orange or red ; wood yellow, soft, its specific gravity about 0.50. " Palo bianco '' 

 (Coahuila, Tamaulipas). 



Often planted or left as a shade tree about dwellings; wood used in Mexico 

 for carts and other objects, and in the United States, occasionally, for furni- 

 ture and flooring ; fruit edible, as in the other species, the pulp sweet but very 

 scant. 



The Mexican specimens always have entire leaves. They do not seem spe- 

 cifically separable from the eastern form, although the leaves are often broader. 



' PI. Nov. Hisp. 38. 1887. ' PI. Nov. Hisp. 174. 1887. 



