STANDLEY TREES AND SHRUBS OF MEXICO. 283 



7. Annona palmeri Safford, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 18: 43. pi. 24- 1914. 

 Known only from the type locality, Acapulco, Guerrero. 



Shrub, 1.5 to 3 meters high ; loaves lanceolate or ovate, 5 to 10 cm. long, acute ; 

 flowers small, dull white; fruit subglobose, 2 to 2.5 cm. in diameter, with scant 

 pulp. "Auonilla." 



8. Annona cherimola Mill. Gard. Diet. etl. 8. Annona no. 5. 1768. 



\Videly cultivated in Mexico, and in tropical America generally. Native of 

 the Andes of Peru, but naturalized in Mexico at a very early date. 



Tree, 4.5 to 7.5 meters high ; leaves mostly oval or rounded-oval, obtuse, 

 pubescent ; petals greenish yellow or rufous outside, pale yellow or whitish 

 within ; fruit globose or ovoid, the surface with rounded protuberances or 

 marked with U-shaped areoles, sometimes smooth, the pulp white, pleasantly 

 acidulous. " Chirimoyo " or " chirimoya " (Jalisco, Oaxaca, etc., Colombia, 

 Peru ; the name of Peruvian origin, said to signify " cold-seed " ) ; " pox," 

 " tzuli pox" (YucatSn, Maya) ; " quauhtzapotl," " matzapotl " (Nahuatl). 



One of the most highly valued species because of its excellent fruit; much 

 cultivated in the tierra caliente, in several forms of variable quality. The fruit 

 is sometimes fermented to obtain an alcoholic beverage. Macfadyen states that 

 in Jamaica the dried flowers were used to flavor snuff. The seeds are used in 

 Mexico as an emetic-cathartic and as an insecticide. In the first case one or 

 two seeds are swallowed ; they are first roasted slightly, their shell removed, 

 and the embryo crushed in water or milk. For the destruction of parasites 

 upon the human body, the seeds are crushed, mixed with lard, and applied as 

 an ointment to the parts affected. Cortina, who analyzed the seeds,^ states that 

 they contain sugar, gum, albumen, extractive matter, oil, and resin, the last 

 probably being the emetic-cathartic agent. 



9. Annona longiflora S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 22: 397. 1887. 

 Jalisco ; type from Rio Blanco. 



Shrub, 1 to 3 meters high ; leaves mostly oval or orbicular, copiously pu- 

 bescent ; outer petals whitish or cream-colored, with a dark purple spot at base ; 

 fruit ovoid-globose, the surface with flat areoles or bearing protuberances. 

 " Chirimoya de la barranca," " chirimoya cimarrona." 



The fruit is edible either raw or cooked. A sweetmeat is made by boiling it 

 with sugar together with the fruit of the "tejocote" {Crataegus mexicana). 



10. Annona squamosa L. Sp. PI. 537. 1753. 

 Annona cinerea Dunal, Monogr. Anon. 72. pi. 8. 1817. 



Widely cultivated in Mexico and elsewhere in tropical America. 



Tree, 4.5 to 6 meters high, with grayish bark ; leaves lanceolate or oblong, 

 acute; petals greenish yellow or greenish white, usually with a purplish red 

 spot at base ; fruit the size of an orange, globose or heart-shaped, composed of 

 loosely adherent carpels, these rounded at apex, forming a tuberculate surface, 

 greenish yellow, the pulp yellowish white, creamy or custard-like, sweet and 

 pleasantly flavored. " Texaltzapotl," "quauhtzapotl" (Nahuatl); "abate" 

 (Jalisco, Veracruz) ; " anona blanca " (Chiapas, Ramirez) ; " saramulla," " sara- 

 mullo" (Yucatan); " tzalmuy " (Y^ncatiin, Maya); " an6n " (Colombia, Costa 

 Rica, Porto Rico); "chirimoya" (Porto Rico); " ates " (Philippines); 

 " an6n " (Santo Domingo). 



Fruit of excellent flavor and highly esteemed ; it is produced at nearly all 

 times of the year. It is eaten alone or made into sherbets and is not cooked 

 like that of some other species. The leaves are sometimes rubbed over floors 

 or placed in hens' nests to keep away vermin. The seeds likewise have in- 



' See Urbiua, Naturaleza 7: 222. 1901. 



