STANDLEY TREES AND SHRUBS OF MEXICO. 547 



lets 3 to 9 (usually 5), 4 to 13 cm. long, abruptly acuminate at apex, copiously 

 pubescent, at least beneath. "Palo mulato " (Oaxaca) ; " chutama " (Sinaloa). 

 The gum which exudes from the trunk is employed for caulking boats and 

 glueing furniture. 



11. Elaphrium heterophyllum (Engl.) Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 25: 247. 1911. 

 Bur sera fieterophylla Engl, in DC. Monogr. Phan. 4: 46. 1883. 



Known only from the type locality, Tlaquilteuango, Morelos ; not seen by the 

 writer. 

 Leaflets 3 or 5, elliptic, 1.5 to 2 cm. long; panicles 6 to 8 cm. long. 



12. Elaphrium longipes Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 25: 246. 1911. 

 TercUnthus longipes Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 10: 120. 1906. 

 Type from Matamoros, Puebla ; perhaps also in Morelos. 



Small glabrous tree, 3 to 4 meters high, with broad flat crown ; leaflets 7 to 



13. long-petiolulate, 2.5 to 5 cm. long, abruptly acuminate. 



13. Elaphrium simaruba (L.) Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 25: 246. 1911. 



Pistacia simaruba L. Sp. PI. 1026. 1753. 



Burscra gummifera L. Sp. PI. ed. 2. 471. 1702. 



? Elaphrium ovalifoUum Schlecht. Liunaea 17: 24S. 1S43. 



Bur sera simarula Sarg. Gard. & For. 3: 260. 1890. 



TereUnthus arborea Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 10: 118. 1906. 



TereMnthus acuminata Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 12: 278. 1909. 



TereUnthus attenuata Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 12: 278. 1909. 



Elaphrium suhpubescens Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 25: 247. 1911. 



Sinaloa to Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatfin, and Chiapas. Southern Florida, 

 West Indies, Central America, and northern South America ; type from Jamaica. 



Tree, sometimes 25 meters high, with a trunk a meter in diameter, but usually 

 much smaller, the branches thick and spi'eading ; bark reddish brown, smooth, 

 peeling off in thin sheets ; leaflets usually 5 or 7, 4 to 14 cm. long, variable in 

 shape, usually acuminate or cuspidate-acuminate, commonly more or less 

 pubescent ; flowers greenish or yellowish, sweet-scented ; wood light brown, 

 soft, weak, its specific gravity about 0.30. "Palo mulato" (Tepic, Chiapas, 

 Tabasco, Oaxaca, Veracruz); " quiote " (Sinaloa); " palo jiote " (Chiapas, 

 Veracruz, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador) ; " chacah " or " chaca " (Yuca- 

 tan, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) ; " piocha " (Tamaulipas) ; " zongolica " (Oaxaca) ; 

 "palo Colorado," "mulato" (Sinaloa); " archipfn " ; " almdcigo " (Porto Rico, 

 Costa Rica, Santo Domingo, Panama, Colombia); " jifiocuabo," "jiSiciiite " 

 (Nicaragua) ; "jiote" (Sinaloa, Honduras, Guatemala) ; " jinocuave," " carana," 

 " jifiocuavo," " jiriote " (Costa Rica); " almScigo encarnado " (Porto Rico); 

 " jicote," " chino," " chinacahuite " (Guatemala) ; "copon " (Honduras) ; " almfi- 

 cigo bianco" (Cuba, Santo Domingo); " almflcigo Colorado," " almficigo ama- 

 rillo," " cachibti " (Cuba); " indio desnudo," " pellejo de indio " (Guiana); 

 "palo chino" (Guatemala, Honduras). 



The branches take root easily when placed in the ground, and the tree is 

 often planted for shade or to form hedges. The wood, which has a strong 

 characteristic odor, is not very durable, but it is employed for fence posts and 

 canoes, and is burned for charcoal. From the branches a brownish gum exudes, 

 which is often used as a substitute for glue and as a cement for mending 

 broken china and glass. The gum is known in Costa Rica as " elequeme " and 

 " tacamahaca." The Caribs employed it for painting their canoes to preserve 

 them from the attacks of worms. The ti*ee is much used in domestic medicine, 

 the gum and sometimes the leaves being the parts employed. Diaphoretic, 

 purgative, diuretic, and expectorant properties are attributed to it, and it is 



