STANDLEY TREES AND SHRUBS OF MEXICO. 895 



seeds together into a kind of flour whicli is used for making tamales. For 

 illustrations of this species see Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16 : pi. 130, 131, 132. 



It is probably this plant which is described by Clavigero (Historia de la 

 California, 17S9) under the name " cardon." Among other notes, he remarks 

 that "the missionaries found a method of utilizing the branches, for from a 

 piece about two palms long they extracted by crushing the juice, which they 

 boiled down, thus obtaining a balsam which is good for wounds and bruises." 



2. Pachycereus orcuttii (K. Brandeg.) Britt. & Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 



12: 422. 1909. 



Cereus orc%ittii K. Brandeg. Zoe 5: 3. 1900. 



Type from Rosario, Baja California. 



Stems bright green, reaching a height of 3 meters and a diameter of 15 cm. ; 

 ribs 14 to IS, 1 cm. high; areoles 6 mm. in diameter, densely covered with 

 light gray wool ; spines all slender, yellowish brown ; radials 12 to 20, 12 mm. 

 long, the centrals about 5, porrect ; flowers greenish brown, 4 cm. long, the 

 inner perianth segments short-apiculate ; ovary densely covered with short 

 scales, almost concealed by thick tufts of yellowish wool, and furnished with 

 dark brown bristles 4 to 6 cm. long. 



3. Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose, Contr. U. S. 



Nat. Herb. 12: 422. 1909. 



Cereus pecten-aboriginum Engelm. ; S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 21: 429. 1886. 



Chihuahua, Sonora, Baja California, and Colima ; type from Hacienda San 

 Miguel, Chihuahua. 



Treelike, 5 to 10 meters high, with a trunk 1 to 2 meters high and 30 cm. 

 in diameter, crowned with many erect branches; ribs 10 or 11; areoles 1 cm. 

 in diameter or even less, extending downward in narrow grooves, in the flower- 

 ing ones forming brownish cushions connecting with the areoles below, densely 

 tomentose (grayish except in flowering ones, these brownish or reddish) ; 

 spines 8 to 12, 1 to 3 central, all short, usually 1 cm. long or less, but in some 

 cases 3 cm. long, grayish with black tips; flowering areoles not much larger 

 than the others ; flowers 5 to 7.5 cm. long ; ovary covered with dense soft hairs 

 with only a few bristles or none ; outer perianth segments purple, succulent ; 

 inner ones white, fleshy ; fruit 6 to 7.5 cm. in diameter, dry, covered with yel- 

 low wool and long yellow bristles. "Card6n," " cardon hecho," " card6n bar- 

 b6n " (Baja California); "hecho" (Chihuahua, Baja California). 



The specific name was given in allusion to the fact that the Indians used 

 the burlike fruits as combs. They also ground the seeds into meal and em- 

 ployed them in the preparation of cakes. For an illustration of this species 

 see Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: pi. 132, B. 



4. Pachycereus gaumeri Britt. & Rose, Cactaceae 2: 71. 1920. 

 Yucatan ; type from Hodo. 



Plant slender, 2 to 7 meters high, erect, simple or few-branched ; branches 

 4-angled or winged ; ribs thin, 3 to 4 cm. high ; areoles large, 1 to 2.5 cm. 

 apart, brown-felted ; spines several, slender, 1 to 3 cm. long, brownish ; flowers 

 yellowish green, 5 cm. long ; scales of ovary and flower tube more or less 

 foliaceous, drying black and thin, with brown felt in the areoles; scales on 

 ovary linear, puberulent. 



5. Pachycereus grandis Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 12: 421. 1909. 

 Cereus bergerianus Vaupel, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 23: 24. 1913. 

 Morelos, the type from Cuernavaca. 



Plant 6 to 10 meters high, either simple or much branched, the trunk 

 sometimes a meter in diameter; branches, when present, columnar, generally 



