STANDLEY TEEES AND SHRUBS OF MEXICO. 943 



3. Ferocactus fordii (Orcutt) Britt. & Rose, Cactaceae 3: 126. 1922. 

 EcJiinocactus fordii Orcutt, Rev. Cact. 1: 56. 1899. 



Baja California, the type from Lagoon Head. 



Glol)ose to short-cylindric, grayish green, 12 cm. in diameter; ribs usually 

 21, about 1 cm. high ; areoles about 2 cm. apart ; radial spines whitish, acicular, 

 widely spreading, about 15 ; central spines usually 4 ; one of the centrals flat- 

 tened, porrect, longer than the others, with a curved or hooked tip. about 4 

 cm. long, the others subulate, somewhat angled ; flowers rose-colored, 3.5 to 

 4 cm. long; outer perianth segments ovate to ovate-oblong, acute; inner peri- 

 anth segments linear, acumhiate ; scales on the ovary broadly ovate. 



4. Ferocactus townsendianus Britt. & Rose, Cactaceae 3: 127. 1922. 

 Type from San Josef Island, Baja California. 



Short-cylindric, 40 cm. high or more; ribs about 16, often spiraled, some- 

 what undulate; areoles large, distant; radial spines widely spreading, 14 to 

 16, 3 to 4 cm. long, most of them threadlilje, but often 2 or more above and 

 below subulate ; central spines subulate, grayish, usually one curved or hooked 

 at apex, the others straight, all annulate; flowers 5 to 6 cm. long; outer peri- 

 anth segments ovate, reddish, with narrow yellow margins ; inner perianth 

 segments oblong-lanceolate witli a narrow pink stripe down the center with 

 gi-eenish j'ellow margins. 



5. Ferocactus chrysacanthus (Orcutt) Britt. & Rose, Cactaceae 3: 127. 1922. 

 Echinocactus chrysacantlius Orcutt, Rev. Cact. 1: 56. 1899. 



Baja California ; type from Cedros Island. 



Globose to cylindric ; ribs about 18, tubercled ; radial spines 4 to many, 

 slender, white; central spines sometimes as many as 10, 5 cm. long, either 

 red or yellow, curved; flowers from near the center of the plant, 5 cm. broad 

 when fully open ; scales naked in the axils, closely set and overlapping, the 

 lower one orbicular and green, the upper ones more oval, brownish or with 

 brown tips, the margin thin, sometimes ciliate or ragged ; outer perianth seg- 

 ments rather stiff, pinkish brown ; inner perianth segments 2 cm. long, satiny 

 yellow with a jagged or toothed margin ; fruit j^ellow, 3 cm. long ; seeds large, 

 black. 



6. Ferocactus wislizeni (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose, Cactaceae 3: 127. 1922. 

 Echinocactus wislizeni Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. North. Mex. 96. 1848. 

 Echinocactus emoryi Engelm. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 157. 1848. 

 Echinocactus falconeri Orcutt, West Amer. Sci. 12: 162. 1902. 

 Chihuahua, Sonora, and Sinaloa. Texas to Arizona ; type from Dona Ana, 



"New Mexico. 



At first globular but becoming cylindric, when very old, 2 meters long or 

 more, usually simple, but when injured often giving off several heads or 

 branches ; ribs numerous, often 25, 3 cm. high ; areoles elliptic, sometimes 2.5 

 cm, long, brown-felted, 2 to 3 cm. apart, or the flowering ones often approxi- 

 mate ; spines variable ; radials absent in young plants, threadlike to acicular, 

 the longest 5 cm. long ; central spines several, white to red, annular, all subu- 

 late, one of them mucli stouter, usually strongly flattened, strongly hooked ; 

 flowers yellow, some red, 5 to 6 cm. long; fruit yellow, oblong, scaly, 4 to 5 

 cm. long; seeds dull black, the surfaces covered with shallow indistinct pits. 

 " Biznaga." 



The Pima Indians of Arizona ate the flesh of the plant after cut<^:ng it in 

 strips and boiling it. 



