1394 CONTEIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HEKBARIUM 



Fruit hirsute 1. G. stellatum. 



Fruit glabrous 2. G. angulosum. 



1. Galium stellatum Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. 2: 97./. 26. 1863. 



Baja California; type from Cedros Island. Utah, Arizona, and southern Cali- 

 fornia. 



Much-branched shrub, 60 cm. high or less, the branclilets hirtellous; leaves in 

 4's or 5's, linear-lanceolate to ovate, 5 to 15 mm. long, 1-nerved; corolla white. 



2. Galium angulosum A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 11: 74. 1876. 

 Guadalupe Island, Baja California. 



Branchlets hirsute-pubescent; leave in whorls of 4 to 7, linear-oblong or elliptic- 

 oblong, 6 to 10 mm. long, acute; corolla greenish white. 



DOUBTFUL GENERA. 

 Berghesia coccinea Nees, Linnaea 20: 702. 1847. Type from somewhere in 

 Mexico. 



154. CAPRIFOIIACEAE. Honeysuckle Family. 



Shrubs or trees; leaves opposite, usually estipulate; flowers perfect, regular or 

 irregular; calyx tube adnate to the ovary, the limb 3 to 5-dentate or lobate; 

 corolla gamopetalous, the limb regular or irregular, often bilabiate, the 5 lobes 

 imbricate; stamens usually 5, inserted on the corolla tube; style simple or parted; 

 ovules usually solitary in the cell; fruit baccate, drupaceous, or dry, 1 to 5-celIed. 



Leaves pinnate 1. S AMBUCUS. 



Leaves simple. 



Corolla rotate or nearly so 2. VIBURNUM. 



Corolla tubular or funnelform. 



Fruit dry; flowers in terminal cymes 3. ABELIA. 



Fruit fleshy; flowers mostly axillary, or in terminal spikes or heads. 



CeUs of the ovary 1-ovulate; plants erect; flowers mostlj'^ sessile in the 



leaf axils-. - 4. SYMPHOBICABPOS. 



Cells of the ovary many-ovulate; plants erect or scandent; flowers never 

 sessile in the axils 5. LONICEBA. 



1. SAMBUCUS L. Sp. PI. 269. 1753. 



Shrubs or trees; leaves pinnate or bipinnate, the leaflets serrate; flowers small, 

 white, in terminal flat-topped cymes; calyx 3 to 5-dentate; corolla rotate, 3 to 

 5-lobate; fruit a small drupe, containing 3 to 5 1-seeded nutlets. 



The English name for plants of the genus is "elderberry." The fruit of all 

 species is edible and is often used in the United States for pies and for making 

 wine. The stems contain a large amount of pith. A decoction of the stems is 

 employed by some of the Indians for dyeing baskets black. In Europe the 

 leaves and flowers have been used for dyeing leather yellow, and the bark or 

 wood, with alum and iron salts, for dyeing green or brown. In Germany oil 

 has been extracted from the seeds, and the flowers are used to flavor wine. 



The flowers of S. canadensis L. were formerly official in the United States 

 Pharmacopoeia, and those of the Old World S. nigra L. are now official in some 

 of the European pharmacopoeias. They have gently excitant and sudorific 

 properties. The fruit is diaphoretic and aperient and has been used as an 

 alterative in treating rheumatism and syphilis. The inner bark is a hydragogue 

 cathartic and in large doses emetic. It has been employed for dropsy and 

 epileps}\ 



Leaflets pubescent on one or both surfaces; fruit not glaucous. _1. S. mezicana. 

 Leaflets glabrous; fruit glaucous 2. S. caerulea. 



