124 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1921. 
of the 1780 example. Also an early sample of wove paper, which 
was invented by John Baskerville in 1750, and an example of light 
and shade watermark made by Mr. W. H. Smith, the inventor of 
the process, about 1850, as well as other fine and beautiful water- 
marks. The whole exhibit was assembled and labeled by Mr. Dard 
Hunter, of Chillicothe, Ohio, who is an authority on handmade paper, 
both as a writer and a manufacturer. One of the many labels may 
be of general interest, as it gives a brief history of paper. 
PAPER. 
221-210 B. C.._-_Paper was made in China from silk refuse, The oldest mold 
covering was made of strips of bamboo, bound together by 
filaments of vegetable fiber. 
TOS jAw{ Dee it Paper made from rags and plant fibers first made in China by 
Ts’ai Lun. 
Unknown_____. Date of invention of wire screen unknown. 
12th century__.Paper made in Europe by the Moors. First mention of rag 
paper occurs in the tract of Peter, Abbot of Cluny (1122-1150). 
Df 0 ac a tae First watermarked design. 
n : 50 Dan ey ae First English paper mill was established at Hertford by John 
Tate. 
a If o42) 0 Repel rea First American paper mill operated by William Rittenhouse at 
Roxborough, near Philadelphia. 
T750L Sie Wove paper invented by John Baskerville. 
PTOS Ones ert AE First paper-making machine invented by Louis Robert, a 
Frenchman. Introduced into England by Henry Fourdriner, 
who perfected the process. 
1 Wa fe i Ta First colored watermarks. 
US40. 25 2S Light and shade watermarks invented in England by Mr. 
W. H. Smith. 
Mr. Dard Hunter has also made a second valuable contribution to 
the division of two books in unbound condition which he made from 
beginning to end. They are The Etching of Figures, by William 
Aspinwall Bradley, and The Etching of Contemporary Life, by 
Frank Weitenkampf, curator of the print department, New York 
Public Library. Both of these books were published by The Chicago 
Society of Etchers for their associate members, limited to 250 and 275 
copies respectively, and accompanied by an etching by an active mem- 
ber of the society. To quote from the introduction in The Etching 
of Figures, by Mr. Bradley: 
This publication is the entire work of Dard Hunter, Marlborough-on-Hudson. 
The paper was made by him especially for this book, each sheet separately in a 
hand mold. The steel punches for the type were cut by him, the matrices struck, 
and the type cast in a hand mold. The printing was done on a hand press. 
These methods are practically the same as those used by printers at the time 
of Albrecht Durer. 
In an exhaustive study of paper making and typography Mr. Hunter has never 
seen mention of a book produced in which paper, type, and printing were the 
work of one man as they are in the present volume. 
