386 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 
without any dapples, and the others speckled with three or four colors. The 
entirely purple color above referred to was quite an unknown thing in the 
parent fish. (Pl. xxv1.) 
“ Kinranshi.”—With a view to obtaining a new variety without the 
dorsal fin, the ryukin was crossed with the ranchu. The number of 
parent fish, as well as the numerical ratio of the males to the females, was the 
same as in the preceding case. The offspring thus produced were of a bright 
attractive color. Some were provided with the dorsal fin or spines, others 
partially provided with the former, while in some others there were protuber- 
ances in place of the dorsal fin. Those entirely destitute of any dorsal fin 
numbered only one-third of the whole. This last-mentioned variety, which I called 
“kinranshi”’ (brocade-figures), has been kept breeding up to date. (Pl. xxv.) 
Of these three new varieties, the shukin is the most popular, but the 
shubunkin the most profitable one, only a few of the latter being eliminated 
on account of the caudal fin being crooked or irregular. 
The goldfish is cultivated almost all over the Empire, but most extensively 
in Tokyo and Koriyama, Yamato, Nara Prefecture. Broadly speaking, the 
most popular varieties are those cultivated in these two localities, and the 
methods of rearing goldfish most in vogue are also those followed there. The 
northeastern half of the Empire follows Tokyo in things relative to the goldfish 
breeding, while Koriyama leads the southwestern half. 
GOLDFISH CULTURE IN TOKYO. 
The varieties of goldfish cultivated in Tokyo are the ranchu, the 
ryukin, the demekin, and the wakin. Attempt was once made in 
Tokyo to cultivate the oranda shishigashira by introducing the fish from 
Koriyama. This variety was not regarded with much favor, however, and 
has come to be scarcely ever cultivated in the capital. The most popular 
breed is the ranchu, which is highly prized by goldfish lovers and engrosses 
a great deal of the attention of breeders, who take pride in producing the best 
of this variety. 
RANCHU. 
This fish is chiefly cultivated in concrete ponds. When the culture is 
carried on upon a small scale, the usual number of parent fish is five, two of 
which are females and the others males, but when it is carried on upon a large 
scale, the number of parent fish is over fifty, one half of these being male 
and the other half female. The eggs are laid during the period between the 
beginning of April and the middle of May, and the utmost attention should _ 
be paid to the fish during the three months of September, October, and Novem- 
ber of the preceding year, when the food should be given them in sufficient 
