414 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 
in the larger specimens, raised on soft rounded cones or craters, the rims of 
which are generally interrupted in one or two places. 
Another variety of Key yellow sponge is Euspongia irregularis pertusa, the 
common form of the Anclote region and Cuba, but this is inferior and less 
numerous. 
Anclote yellow (pl. x, and xi1).—These consist almost wholly of the zoolog- 
ical variety last mentioned. They are more massive than the common Key yellow 
and are almost invariably attached by a broad base, from which the sides and 
tops rise in a more or less regularly convex surface, bearing low, broad cones or 
lumps on the summits of which the oscula open. The latter occur more or less 
over both sides and top, and are not confined to the upper surface as in the pre- 
ceding species. The surface of the skeleton is more uneven and lumpy than in 
Hippospongia equina elastica and the superficial villi of fibers are longer and 
more tufted and frequently connected with one another by an irregular loose 
network of fine fibers. 
These sponges are harsher and less compressible than the Key yellow and 
less desirable for commercial purposes. 
Bahama yellow (pl. xu and xiit).—There are two common species of 
Bahama yellow sponges. One is Euspongia irregularis pertusa, the common 
Anclote form, from which it differs mainly in the more numerous oscula and the 
brighter yellow color of the skeleton. 
The other is Hyatt’s Spongia agaricina subsp. dura, which Lendenfeld 
apparently erroneously includes with his Hippospongia equina meandriformis. 
This sponge is more open in texture and less strong than the foregoing, but softer 
and more quickly absorbent. It is spheroidal in shape, though often one-sided 
on account of lateral attachment to the rocks, and the free ends of the lamellz 
lie in a common surface as in the velvet sponge, but the exterior faces, 
instead of being felted and compact, are covered with a nap of loose-ended 
fibers, giving the whole surface a villous appearance and a rougher feel. The 
lamellee consist of radially arranged club-shaped bundles connected by tangential 
buttresses or lugs, making a weak structure easily torn into radial shreds. The 
color is light brown. The oscula are single, not compound as in the velvet 
sponges, and are scattered over the upper surface and occasionally on the sides. 
Hyatt says that this is the “ hardhead,”’ but so far as I have observed the spongers 
now class it as ‘‘yellow.”’ It appears to be particularly common near Andros 
Island. 
The common yellow sponge of the Florida Keys is also found in the Bahamas, 
but does not appear to be generally included among shipments of yellow sponges. 
Cuba yellow (pl. xL1v).—The common Cuba yellow sponge is the same species 
as the Anclote yellow, Euspongia irregularis pertusa, from which it differs mainly 
