ABUSE OF THE SCAPHANDER IN THE SPONGE FISHERIES. 527 
The third administrative measure proposed by Savvas is to insure the 
correctness of the ship’s papers, which heretofore have been supervised very 
carelessly by the port authorities. The captain should be compelled to keep 
his records with the greatest exactitude and to report each change in his crew 
to the nearest port authorities or to the commander of the cruising war ship. 
Upon returning to his native port, he must render account of the health of 
each of his crew individually, as well as of deserters and deceased. The harbor 
master must then make to the Naval Office a detailed report on the cruise. 
Savvas recommends as a fourth administrative measure the supervision 
of sponge fishing along the coast of Africa by one or two men-of-war, which 
has been done since 1900. Savvas urges, further, that the naval commanders 
be empowered to take more active measures, to impose small fines for the viola- 
tion of regulations, and even to deprive the captains of their permits. 
As a fifth administrative measure Savvas recommends an exact regulation 
of the duties of the captain and the master of the divers in regard to the latter, 
as well as of the mode and duration of the work and an express definition of 
the responsibility of the captain and the master for each violation of regulative 
measures, thus to prevent all excuses based on ignorance. 
The sixth administrative measure is the imposition of heavy punishment 
on the captain and the master for the violation of any regulation, and Savvas 
cites articles 300, 301, and 310 of the Greek penal code and articles 222 and 2 30 
of the German, in force in the diving service of the German fleet. He does not 
deem the articles of the Greek penal code sufficient, however, and expresses 
the opinion that they ought to be made more rigorous by new legislation apply- 
ing especially to the diving business, for only then could a limit be put to the 
requirements of the captains. The harbor masters and the commanders of 
the supervising war vessels should have authority to impose punishments upon 
the guilty, for too much time would be necessary for action in such cases by 
the court or by the Naval Office, and the effect of the punishment would be 
weakened. 
III. The following are the sanitary measures recommended by Savvas: 
(1) Perfect health of the diver when entering upon his work. 
(2) Slow descent to the depths of the sea. 
(3) Regulation of the duration of the sojourn of the diver under water by 
the depth, according to Katsaras. 
(4) Slow ascent from the depth, according to Katsards, Silberstein, Méri- 
court, and Kononoff. 
(5) Prohibition of continued diving by the same person, quoting the 
opinion of the inventor of the most popular diving apparatus, Denayrouze, 
that the duration of work for a diver in this apparatus should never exceed 
