INTRODUCTION 
Approximately 675 new literature citations are included for Texas species of 
amphibians and reptiles since Dixon’s "Amphibians and Reptiles of Texas" in 1987. I 
have surveyed these publications for their content and the Texas species they include. 
Fossil citations are appended at the end of the species accounts under the general term 
"Fossil Literature". The literature citations below each species account consists of a series 
of coded numbers. These numbers refer to articles that are referenced in the "literature 
cited" section following the species accounts. The numbers are sequential and the author 
citations alphabetical. If I have not included an article concerning Texas amphibians and 
reptiles that you are aware of, please send the reference to me. 
Several name changes have been proposed for amphibian and reptile species 
occurring in Texas since the publication of "Amphibians and Reptiles of Texas" in 1987. I 
have included these changes. I have retained the "old" name in parentheses, preceding 
the current proposed name. 
I am also aware that some name changes have not been accepted by the 
herpetological community. Some of these changes are based on the evolutionary species 
concept, rather than the biological species concept. Perhaps Smith and Smith (1993) have 
the most appropriate solution, I quote., ""in summary, then, populational individuality of 
given magnitude, both genetic and phyletic, is a prerequisite for taxonomic recognition at 
either specific or subspecific levels; reproductive integrity is required, in addition, for 
recognition at the species level. Since both species and subspecies are involved in 
application of biological and phyletic criteria of taxonomic validity, we suggest the term 
"biophyletic taxonomic concept" as a compromising alternative to the terms "biological" 
or "evolutionary" species concepts that are too readily interpreted as conflicting rather 
than complimentary."". 
SPECIES ACCOUNTS 
Order CAUDATA (SALAMANDERS) 
Siren intermedia lesser siren 
0231.010, 0340.050, 0622.208, 0625.404, 0626.510, 0718.100, 0718.105. 
Ambvstoma maculatum spotted salamander 
0231.010, 0454.338, 0718.100, 0718.105, 1072.125. 
Ambvstoma opacum marbled salamander 
