Rana plpa. Pipa pipa. Barbour 1923. Proc. New Eng. Z6ol. Club 9:3. Far northern South 
America. 
Rana bufo. [Bufo bufo.] Cuvier 1817. R6g. Anim. Ed. 1. 2:94. Northwest Africa, Europe to 
Lake Baikal, the Caucasus, and Iran. 
21 1 
Rana rubeta. Bufo bufo. see Rana bufo above. 
Rana glbbosa. Breviceps gibbosus. Merrem 1820. Tent. Syst. Amphib. :178. South Africa. 
Rana varlegata. Bombina variegata. Mertens and L. Muller 1928. Abh. senckenberg. Naturl. 
Ges. 41:16. Central and southern Europe to central Asia 
Rana ventrlcosa. Bufo bufo. See Rana bufo on p. 210. 
Rana marina. Bufo marinus. Schneider 1799. Hist. Amph. 1:219. Southern Texas to northern 
South America. Widely introduced in Australia, some Pacific islands, Florida, Caribbean islands, 
etc. 
Rana typhonia. Bufo typhonius. Schneider 1799. Hist. Amph. 1:207. South America. 
Rana ocellata. Leptodactylus ocellatus. Girard 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.:420. South 
America east of the Andes. 
212 
Rana cornuta. Ceratophrys cornuta. Schlegel 1837. Abteil. neuer Oder unvollst. bek.- 
Amphib. pi. 10. Northern South America east of the Andes. 
Rana marginata. ? Lonnberg (Bih. Kung. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl. 22[4]1:35) said, "can 
impossibly be identified, (sic)." 
Rana paradoxa. Pseudis paradoxus. Wagler 1830. Nat. Syst. Amph.:203. Northern South 
America east of the Andes to northern Argentina. 
Rana temporaria. Rana temporaria (part) Linnaeus, Rana arvalis. Nilsson 1842. Skandin. 
Faun., 3 Amfib.:92. Most of Europe. 
Rana esculenta. Rana esculenta Linnaeus. England and Sweden to Italy, Sicily, and the 
Ukraine. 
213 
Rana hyla. Hyla arborea. Cuvier 1817. R6g. Anim. Ed. 1. 2:94. Northwestern Africa, central 
Europe to the Caucasus and Turkey. 
Rana arborea. See Rana hyla above. 
Rana boans. Hyla boans. Daudin 1803. Hist. Nat. Rept. 8:64. Panama and northern South 
America. 
214 
Crotalus horrldus. Crotalus horridus Linnaeus. Eastern U.S. in forested regions. 
Crotalus dryinas. Crotalus durissus. Hoge 1966 (1965). Mem. Inst. Butantan 32:142. 
Northeastern Mexico to northern Argentina, but in South America, east of Andes in savanna 
regions and apparently absent from the Amazon basin. 
Crotalus durissus. Crotalus durissus Linnaeus. See C. dryinas above. 
Boa scytale. Anilius scytale. Oken 1816. Leh. Naturgesch. 3:283. Guianas, northern Brasil, 
and Amazon drainage of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. 
215 
Boa canina. Corallus caninus. Boulenger 1893. Cat. Sn. in British Mus. 1:102. Amazon Basin 
and the Guianas of South America. 
Boa hypnale. Corallus caninus.. see above. 
Boa constrictor. Boa constrictor Linnaeus. Mexico to Argentina, and Dominica and St. Lucia 
in the Antilles. 
