FROGS 



1. a) Body and hindlimbs short and heavy; skin very rough, 



covered by numerous warts often tipped with tiny spines, 

 dry in appearance 2 



b) Body and hindlimbs elongate and usually slender; skin 

 smooth or lightly ridged, distinctly moist 3 



2. a) Head with distinct bony ridges above eyes and along 



snout; many body warts capped with black spines 

 Bufo melanostictus 



b) Head without bony ridges; warts less numerous and not 

 strikingly capped with spines Bufo stomaticus 



3. a) Tips of fingers and toes expanded into distinct digital 



pads or disks Polypedates maculatus 



b) Tips of fingers and toes pointed or, at most, slightly 

 expanded 4 



4. a) Fingers elongate and sharply pointed without webbing, 



first and second finger nearly as long as third and 

 fourth; hindfeet fully webbed; back with scattering of 

 small warts; olive brown dorsally with indistinct darker 

 blotches Rana cyanophlyctis 



b) Fingertips blunt, occasionally slightly expanded, 1st and 

 2nd fingers distinctly shorter than 3rd and 4th; if 

 present dorsally, glandular tissue lies in short or long 

 ridges 5 



5. a) Tan back with dark brown sides Rana danieli 



b) Brown or green back with spots, stripes, or marbling 

 6 



