66 



176. Nickerson, M. A. and C. E. Mays. 1969. A preliminary herpeto- 

 faunal analysis of the Grahann (Pinaleno) Mountain region, Graham Coun- 

 ty, Arizona with ecological comments. TRANSACTIONS OF THE KANSAS 

 ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 72(if): ^92-305. 



Cnemidophorus exsanguis (= probably flagellicaudus ) occurs be- 

 tween ^000 and 5000 feet, most commonly along drainage channels with 

 Quercus or open areas with Juniperus . _C. tigris gracilis is very abun- 

 dant below ^^600 feet, but most common between 3200 and ^1400 feet in 

 elevation. It occupies relatively open Prosopis-Acacia-Opuntia desert, 

 moving at the periphery of shrubs. _C. uniparens occurs from 3200 to 

 5000 feet in riparian habitats along streams and washes. 



177. Parker, E. D., Jr. i979a. Ecological implications of clonal di- 

 versity in parthenogenetic morphospecies. AMER. ZOOL. 19(3): 753-762. 



Female parthenogenesis has repeatedly evolved in most major ani- 

 mal and plant groups. Although the taxonomic distribution of partheno- 

 genetic "morphospecies" suggests that they are unsuccessful over evolu- 

 tionary time, parthenogenesis ranks as one of the major exceptions to 

 the Mendelian cycle of meiosis and fertilization. Data summarized in- 

 dicate that most, if not all, secondarily-evolved parthenogenetic mor- 

 phospecies are clonally diverse. The nature of interactions among sym- 

 patric clones of such species are presently ambiguous. Factors influ- 

 encing the dynamics of clonal diversity include (1) the mode of clonal 

 origin (2) the pattern of environmental heterogeneity (3) vagility and 

 W interactions with sexual ancestors. The outcome of competition be- 

 tween a parthenogenetic taxon and its sexual ancestors is unclear. 

 Models can be generated which give any outcome depending on initial 

 assumptions and the role of clonal diversity in the parthenogen has re- 

 ceived little attention. The polyphyletic diploid morphospecies Cnemi- 

 dophorus tesselatus is characterized by low clonal diversity and the 

 presence of one dominant clone. Much stronger selection is envisioned 

 among polyphyletic clones because of their greater genetic differences 

 than among monophyletic clones. This distinction will become blurred 

 with time, but this has not occurred yet as the affinities of clones to 

 each other and their ancestral species can still be determined by elec- 

 trophoresis. Unpublished data is reported which shows that Cnemidopho - 

 rus neomexicanus has low clonal diversity with only 2 clones detected 

 over the entire species range and with no multiclonal populations. 



178. — . 1979b. Phenotypic consequences of parthenogenesis in Cnemi- 

 dophorus lizards. I. Variability in parthenogenetic and sexual popula- 

 tions. EVOLUTION 33W: 1150-1166. 



Morphological consequences of parthenogenesis in Cnemidophorus 

 tesselatus were studied as reflected in the concordance of morphologi- 

 cal variation with electrophoretically-detected clonal heterozygosity. 



