27 



7A 19 scale rows at midbody; Yunnan and adjacent areas T. yunnanensis 



7B 21 (rarely 23) scale rows at midbody 8 



8A Hemipenis short, rounded, spinose; base of tail much enlarged up to about 15-20 subcaudals in 

 males; iris reddish in males; temporals usually smooth; canthus rostralis moderate 9 



8B Hemipenis long, slender, without spines; base of tail moderately enlarged up to 20-25 subcaudals 

 in males; iris yellow or golden in both sex; temporals more or less keeled; sharp canthus rostralis 

 T. popeiorum popeiorum 



9A Ventrals 154-170 in males and 154-172 in females; continental China and Taiwan 



T. stejnegeri stejnegeri 



9B Ventrals 156-178 in males and 166-174 in females; Hainan Island T. stejnegeri chenbihuii 



lOA Several erect supraoculars forming a horn T. cornutus 



lOB Supraoculars usually single, flat, not erected 11 



llA Body clearly elongated, head long, massive, with a narrow snout and a sharp canthus rostralis; 

 subcaudals always paired; usually more than 160 ventrals; dorsal pattern made of irregular 

 dorsolateral markings giving a wavy or zigzag pattern, or cross-bands, or rhombohedral dorsal 

 blotches, or a speckled pattern 12 



IIB Body rather short and stout; head short with a rounded snout; dorsal pattern made of dorsolateral 

 dark squarish blotches, usually darker, or lighter with dark edges, confluent on the vertebral line, 

 bordered below by other squarish blotches on the sides; subcaudals paired or single; less than 160 

 ventrals in specimens having paired subcaudals 16 



12A 2 consecutive, small, rectangular loreals between the nasal and the higher preocular; 10 or more 

 cephalic scales in a row between the supraoculars; dorsal color greyish or light brown; pattern 

 made of irregular or triangular dorsal blotches giving a wavy, zigzag or sawteeth-like appearance 

 13 



12B 1 large, squarish loreal; 10 or less cephalic scales in a row between the supraoculars; dorsal color 

 either mostly dull greenish, with dorsal rhombohedral blotches, or speckled with black, or brownish 

 with yellowish green transverse bands 14 



13A Usually more than 195 ventrals and more than 75 subcaudals; 9-12 supralabials; 25-31 (rarely 23- 

 33) dorsal scale rows at midbody; usually 13-16 (rarely 11-18) scales in a row between the 

 supraoculars; 2 or 3 scale rows between supralabials and the subocular; pattern made mostly of 

 irregular dorsal blotches giving a wavy appearance T. mucrosquamatus 



13B Less than 195 ventrals ard less than 72 subcaudals; 7-8 supralabials; 25 dorsal scale rows at 

 midbody; 10-12 scales in a row between the supraoculars; 1 or 2 scale rows between supralabials 

 and the subocular; pattern made mostly of triangular, downwards pointed, dorsal blotches giving a 

 saw-like appearance T. xiangchengensis 



14 A 2nd supralabial high, bordering the anterior side of the loreal pit; pattern not made of irregular 

 cross-bands 15 



14B 2nd supralabial low, not bordering the anterior side of the loreal pit; dorsal pattern made of 

 irregular, contiguous or more or less alternating blackish brown dorsolateral blotches giving the 

 appearance of irregular cross bands on a yellowish-green background E. mangshanensis 



