Figure 5. Tadpole of Rana conaensis showing air-filled sac. 



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Figure 6. Mouth region of a tadpole of Rana conaensis 



Skin smooth, small round warts or long warts sparse on dorsum and lateral body, 

 dense on posterior body; no dorsolateral fold, only broken longitudinal rows of skin 

 ridges on both sides of anterior dorsal body; granules scattered on warts or among skin 

 ridges and on lateral head, dorsal part of four limbs, warts or granules all bear black spines 

 or Ught spiney marks; horizontal skin groove between posterior comers of eyes; supra- 

 tympanic fold distinct. Skin on anal region at posterior part of body in male loose, it 

 forms a slight "A"-shaped sac from dorsum to anus to posterior base of thigh, very 

 distinct, but not as distinct in females compared to that of males, absent in juveniles. Skin 

 on ventral body smooth, two bunches of cone-shaped black spines on lateral chest of 

 male, after black spines fall off, only two bunches of light fleshy tubercles remain; small 

 spiny warts scattered on posterior part below tarsal and metatarsals. 



In life, dorsal body of adult olive-brown, dark brown or grayish brown; black 

 transverse stripe on anterior edge of transverse groove between eyes; three longitudinal 

 rows of black-brown, small and big spots on dorsal body, generally linked to form three 

 faint longitudinal stripes from posterior eyes along dorsal midline and both sides of body 

 directly to posterior part of body; black-brown stripe starts on canthus rostralis through 

 the eyes to the level below supratympanic fold; dark irregvilar stripes on both upper and 

 lower lip edges; grayish brown spots on lateral body; dark transverse stripes on forelimbs 

 mostly irregular; broken markings mostly appear on posterior thigh, some are not very 

 clear. Ventral body grayish white or milky white, grayish brown or dark brown spots 

 densely scattered on throat, chest and lateral belly, spots on posterior part of ventral 



