ae 
Causus rhombeatus F. FitzSimons, [1912]; Woodward, 1933; 
Sweeney, 1961; Broadley, 1983 
Crotalus sp. Audubon, 1909 
C. adamanteus Meek, 1946 
C. atrox Price, 1988 
C. horridus Anderson, 1942, 1965; Lokke, 1985; Martin, 
1986a,b, 1989, and pers. comm. ; 
?Bartlett, 1987; ?Brown, 1987; ?Reinert 
and Zappalorti, 1988 
C. viridis Gloyd, 1937; Jackley and Shelton in 
Klauber, 1972; Duvall et al., 1985; 
Graves, 1988, 1989 
Deinagkistrodon acutus Fleck, 1987 
Lachesis muta Mole, 1924, and in Ditmars, 1910; 
Donisthorpe, 1947; Ramsey and Travis, 
1960; Wehekind, 1960; Emsley, 1977; 
Caycedo, 1978; Frieberg, 1982 
Porthidium nummifer Picado T., 1931 
Sistrurus catenatus Greene and Oliver, 1965; ?Vogt, 1981; 
Reinert and Kodrich, 1982 
Trimeresurus kaulbacki Obst et al., 1988 
T. monticola Leigh, 1910; Pope, 1929, 1935 
T. okinavensis ?Fukada, 1964; Koba et al., 1970 
T. wiroti Mehrtens, 1987 
Vipera aspis Lanworn, 1972; Naulleau, 1987; Dowling, 
1986 
V. berus Brittain, 1866 (in Hopley, 1882); Service, 
1902; Smith, 1951; Appleby, 1971; Street, 
1979; Naulleau, 1987 
*It is not known what species Sundowner actually observed but T. mairii and L. 
colubrina seem likely candidates. The credibility of Sundowner's 
[= Tichborne, H. (sic?)] (1895, 1902) observations are at best questionable, 
and mostly fabricated (Johnson and Smith, 1985). Nevertheless, it is likely 
that he also observed Australian pythons (species unspecified) brooding their 
eggs (Sundowner, 1895, 1902). 
+Although a work of fiction, Kipling (1894) was one of the earliest published 
accounts of brooding in Naja naja (mistakenly referred to as Ophiophagus 
hannah) in English. He based his story, "Rikki-tikki-tavi," on a personal 
communication from an anonymous herpetologist (Kipling, 1894). 
++Whitfield's (1983) mention of brooding in L. humilis is likely a mistaken 
reference to Hibbard's (1964) observations on L. dulcis. 
