438 PROCEEDING.^ OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. 37. 



7. Genus AULACOCEPHALUS Temminck and Schlegel. 

 Aulacocephalus Temminck and Schlegel, Faun. Japon., Pise, 1842, p. 15. 



Body oblong, compressed; mouth large, maxillary with supple- 

 mental bone; villiform teeth in jaws and on vomer and palatines; 

 tongue smooth; preopercle serrate; opercle with 3 strong spines; 

 gill-rakers long and slender; branchiostegals 7; scales very small, 

 strongly ciliated, separated by naked skin. Cheeks and opercles 

 scaled ; top of head and sides of snout with strong bony rugosities 

 showing through the thin skin; lateral line continuous, the tubes 

 long and straight; 'dorsal fins confluent, the anterior with 9 spines, 

 its base longer than that of second; anal III, 9; caudal subtruncate; 

 ventrals below pectorals, close together, each with a short, strong 

 spine; pectorals rounded. "Premaxillary processes not extending 

 to frontals; parietals and supraoccipital short, latter with a feeble 

 crest not extending on to cranium; vertebrae 24 (10 + 14)." (Bou- 

 lenger.) 



Japan to India. One species. 



{adkm^ furrow; KscpcvXij head.) 



7. AXILACOCEPHALUS TEMMINCKI Bleeker. 

 KURIHATA (emerald flag or emerald bass). 



Aulacocephalus Temminck and Schlegel, Faun. Japon., Pise, 1842, p. 15, pi. 5, 



fig. 2 (Nagasaki). 

 Aulacocephalus temminchi Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen., vol. 26, 1857, p. 12 



(Japan). — Boulenger, Cat. Fishes, vol. 1, 1895, p. 158 (Siam; Mauritius). 

 Aulacocephalus schlegeli GIInther, Cat. Fishes, vol. 1, 1859, p. 173 (Isle de 



France). — Steindachner and Doderlein, Denkschr. Akad. Wien, vol. 47, 



1883, p. 233 (Tokyo).— Namiye, Class. Cat., 1881, p. 93 (Tokyo).— Ishikawa, 



Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 56 (Tokyo). 



Head 2.6; depth 2.8; depth of caudal peduncle 2.7 in head; eye 

 5.5; dorsal IX, 12; anal III, 8; scales about 85 in a longitudinal 

 series ; pores 70 ; nose 2.8 in head ; maxillary to middle of eye, 2 in head, 

 the width of its extremity eight-tenths diameter of eye; interorbital 

 space very little elevated, flattish, 1.3 in eye. Form oblong, com- 

 pressed, greatest thickness of body about one-third its depth; back 

 moderately elevated, the profile straight from nape to the rather 

 low, bluntly pointed muzzle; jaws subequal. Jaws, vomer, and 

 palatines with bands of villiform teeth, the outer anterior teeth of 

 upper jaws rather more enlarged than corresponding ones of lower; 

 no canines; tongue smooth; free at end, which is slender and pointed; 

 nostrils small, subequal; preopercular angle obtuse, the margin 

 serrate above and below the angle; opercle with three strong spines, 

 the middle one longest, the others subequal; gill-rakers longer than 

 the filaments, 17 or 18, on lower limb of outer arch. Cheeks and 



