NO. 1714. JAPANESE SEA BA88.— JORDAN AND RICHARDSON. 469 



caudal lunate, with filamentous lobes; pectoral obtuse-pointed, sub- 

 symmetrical, rays 17 or 18; ventrals below pectorals, close together, 

 each with a strong spine, the soft rays much produced in the typical 

 species; posterior processes of premaxillaries extending to between 

 the f rentals; frontals very convex, with a transverse ridge behind, 

 between the posterior borders of the orbits and in front of the very 

 strong supraoccipital crest; parietal crests feeble; vertebrae 10 + 15 

 or 16 =25 or 26. Tropical seas; the typical species (Anthias anthias, 

 Linnaeus) a well-known inhabitant of the Mediterranean. The Japa- 

 nese species differs from the type of the genus in having the ventrals 

 not produced in a ribbon-like expansion; in the slender caudal 

 peduncle and more elevated nape and in the production of the second 

 soft ray of the dorsal. It may be regarded as forming a distinct 

 subgenus, Sacura, from the Japanese name, SaJcuradai, Sakura 

 being the Japanese cherry. 



(antliias, ancient name of some large fish, perhaps the Albacore, 

 apparently from dvOoc, a flower.) 



27. ANTHIAS MARGARITACEUS Hilgendorf. 

 SAKITRADAI (cherry-porgy). 



Anthias margaritaceous Hilgendorf, Sitzb. Ges. Naturf. Fr., 1879, p. 78 (Japan, 

 probably Sagami Bay). — Steindachner and Doderlein, Denkschr. Akad. 

 Wien, vol. 47, 1883, p. 225, pi. 3, fig. 1 (Tokyo, exact locality not given, prob- 

 ably Sagami Bay). — Nystrom, Svensk. Yet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, pt.4. No. 

 ^ 4, 1887, p. 5 (Nagasaki).— IsHiKAWA, Prel. Cat., 1897, p. 57 (Tokyo, Boshu).— 

 BouLENCxER, Cat. Fishes, vol. 1, 1895, p. 327 (Tokyo). 



(Coasts of Japan, in rather deep water.) 



''Dorsal X, 17 or 18; anal III, 7 or 8; scales 4-42 to 45-15; lateral 

 line 27 to 30. Depth of body 2| times in total length; length of head 

 2 1 to 3 times. Snout scaly, slightly convex, shorter than diameter of 

 eye, which is 3 to 3§ times in length of head, and equals interorbital 

 width; lower jaw projecting, partly scaled; maxillary scaly, extend- 

 ing to below center of eye, or slightly beyond, the width of its distal 

 extremity three-fifths to two-thirds diameter of eye ; two or three strong 

 spines at angle of preopercle; three opercular spines; 23 gill-rakers on 

 lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal originating above post-temporal ; 

 first and second spines shortest, third longest in the adult, nearly 

 twice as long as the fourth and ending in a filament ; no notch between 

 spinous and soft portions; soft dorsal not deeper than spinous; third 

 ray produced in a long filament. Pectoral nearly as long as head. 

 Ventral as long as or a little shorter than pectoral, reaching anal. 

 Anal spines strong, first shortest, second longest and strongest ; ante- 

 rior soft rays longest. Caudal deeply emarginate, crescentic, with the 

 outer rays much produced and ending in long filaments. Lateral line 

 forming an angle below the last dorsal rays. Color red, with two 

 longitudinal series of mother-of-pearl spots on each side, and a streak 



