470 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. ?.7. 



of the same color from below the eye to the base of the pectoral ; base 

 of dorsal brown or blackish; a black blotch may be present between 

 the last four dorsal spines." (Boulenger.) 



We have no specimens of this beautiful species. It is said to reach 

 a length of 14 to 21 cm. 



{rnargaritaceus , pearly.) 



/ 16. Genus PSEUDANTHIAS Bleeker. 



Pseudanthias Bleeker, Poissons Reunion ot Madagascar, Ned. Tijds. Dierk., vol. 



4, 1872, p. 156 {pleurotxnia). 

 Zalanthias Jordan and Richardson, new subgenus (kflloggi). 



Body oblong, moderately compressed; mouth large; canines moder- 

 ate; tongue toothless; snout and maxillary scaly; preopercle serrate, 

 the angle rounded, the teeth at angle enlarged in typical species, obso- 

 lete in the Japanese species; scales large ctenoid, lateral line passing 

 gradually to the tail, not forming a sharp angle under the last rays of 

 the dorsal; gill-rakers numerous, slender; third dorsal spine highest, 

 dorsal fin with a slight notch, if any; caudal lunate, or subtruncate 

 with produced lobes; anal short, with three spines; ventral fin not 

 produced, inserted below pectorals; third dorsal spine, first or second 

 soft ray and one or both lobes of caudal sometimes produced in' fila- 

 ments. 



This genus differs from Anthias chiefly in the lack of distinct angle 

 in the lateral line, and in the short ventral fin. The Japanese species, 

 with the Hawaiian Pseudanthias lielloggi, differ from the East Indian 

 species of Pseudantliias in having the angle of the preopercle rounded 

 and entire, and in having the dorsal fin notched, the last spine of the 

 dorsal being much shorter than the first ray. They may constitute a 

 distinct subgenus, Zalanthias, of which Pseudanthias I'elloggi may be 

 taken as type. 



((peudrjc, false; Anthias.) 



28. PSEUDANTHIAS AZUMANUS Jordan and Richardson, new name. 

 AKAHATA (red flag). 



Anthias japonicus DouEnhEiN , in Steindachner and Doderlein, Denkschr. Akad. 

 Wien, vol. 47, 1883, p. 227, pi. 3, fig. 2 (Tokyo, doubtless Sagami Bay).— 

 Nystrom, Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, pt. 4, No. 4, 1887, p. 5 (Naga- 

 saki). — Boulenger, Cat. Fishes, vol. 1, 1895, p. 328 (Bay of Tokyo). (Name 

 preoccupied by Anthias japonicus Bloch, which is Scolopsis japonica). 



Pseudanthias japojiicus 3 oRi>AT<! and Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., vol. 23, 

 1903, p. 227 (Sagami Bay). 



(Coast of Southern Japan.) 



Head 2.6; depth 2.5 to 2.6; depth of caudal peduncle 3 in head; eye 

 3.4; snout3.6; interorbital space 1.5 in eye, scarcely convex; maxillary 

 2 in head; width of its extremity 1.6 in eye; dorsal X, 15; anal III, 7; 

 scales 2 or 3-37 to 38-12. Oblong, compressed; back considerably 



