606 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION F. 



appear to include every trade and profession, and to be all 

 but self-supporting, and tbe success which has always 

 attended English colonisation — are all evidences of a success- 

 ful development attending a fair measure of assistance and 

 control in the direction indicated. 



The extent to which the elements of civilisation would 

 exist in any new circle which may be formed will necessarily 

 depend greatly upon the amount of capital which is available 

 for the employment of the workers. A pauper population 

 may be provided for by inner circles of co-operative industry 

 not interfering with the economy of the larger circle. In 

 other circles of industry there must be pioneers of civihsation, 

 as there have been, and are now, in this Australian land : 

 men and women to carry with them into the primitive forests 

 and on to the wide plains — destined, necessarily destined, to 

 support the population of the earth — the elements of civilisa- 

 tion, and to found or extend those new communities spoken 

 of by Henry George, and referred to in the commencement 

 of this paper, " where Anglo-Saxon vigour begins the race 

 of progress . . . where there is no luxury, but 

 there is no destitution, and everyone can make a living." 

 Men and women can be pioneers of civilisation, and to a 

 great extent carry it with them. It is not merely the wealthy 

 who realise its full results ; on the contrary, those who 

 have accumulated wealth are often the least able to realise 

 and appreciate the blessings which civilisation brings. By 

 far the largest number pass their hves dependents, yet 

 participating in and enj<3ying those blessings. Men have to 

 work for ease and luxury. The surrounding conditions 

 of life may give to some easier means of obtaining them than 

 to others ; but the education and culture of civihsation can 

 be carried into the primitive land, and redeem it. The 

 companionship of others will, for the most part, be forth- 

 coming; the printing press gives all the wealth of knowledge, 

 science, and literature ; and existing means of locomotion 

 diffuse it through the length and breadth of every land which 

 becomes the subject of English settlement. The highest 

 results of civilisation, the full measure of life's conveniences, 

 are not realised by such pioneers; but, as compensation, there 

 are the blessings of a more extended f^-eedom — freedom from 

 want and care; independence of thought and character; a 

 high resolve to make life's work good and useful, and to 

 achieve to the utmost what each may have power to do. 

 Such work is undertaken voluntarily by tens of thousands 



