DISEASES OF ANIMALS. 759 



taniinatPfl by tliis parasite to cleanse wounds would be a 

 fertile source of" pro|)agatinj>" " cancer," accompanied by this 

 protozoan, iind otters an explanation why cancer is more 

 prevalent in some districts than others. I have also found 

 , similar bodies in the liver of fresh-water fish taken from 

 " Lake River," near Longford. 



Diphtheria . 



For the past seven or eight years I have had my attention 

 directed to this disease during the early spring, at a time 

 when the cows are in this colony calving in large numbers, 

 and the prevalence of an eru]ition on the mammary gland of a 

 highly contagious nature from cow to cow, and to milkers, 

 should any abrasion or crack appear on the hand. This 

 would be in some instances called " cow-pox," but the 

 eruption appears in successive crops from week to week, on 

 different parts of the gland and teats. In several instances 

 where this eruption is prevalent diphtheria has also been 

 virulent in the same neighbourhood. I have w^orketl out, 

 under the guidance of Dr. Klien, the cultivation of the 

 diphtheritic bacillus, and seen animals affected with this 

 eruption, that have been vaccinated with calf lymph three 

 years previously in this colony, not proof against this disease. 



Anthrax and Malignant Pustule 



Are due to the bacillus antheris of animals, which is found in 

 the blood as short rods, generally described as " square-cut 

 ends." The rapidity with which these organisms multiply 

 is so astonishing that death takes place in from 16 to 36 hours. 

 Handhng the carcase of an animal dead of anthrax with an 

 abrasion on the skin is liable to produce mahgnant pustule, 

 or " woolsorters' disease." During the outbreak of anthrax 

 in Victoria in 1876, I pointed out this danger in a letter to 

 the Warrnambool Standard, 26th April, 1876. It is a wide- 

 spread disease, and fortunately M. Pasteur has been able to 

 modify it by vaccination. We have a similar disease in 

 sheep equally fatal, but the researches of Cornil, &c. have 

 proved that it also can be prevented by vaccination. The 

 disease alluded to is " Symptomatic Anthrax " or " Black 

 Leg." 



Glanders and Farcy. 



Fortunately Australia is free from this loathsome and fatal 

 disease, and it was only by a Resolution at the Stock Con- 



