THE MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL. 399 
The obliquus externus abdominis is a broad thin sheet of muscle, with an 
origin from the 
outer surfaces of 
the lower eight 
ribs, by slips which 
RECTUS ABDOMINIS 
in terdigitate with OBLIQUUS EXTERNUS 
the serratus mag- ue. pas 
5 3 C ; RANSVERSALIS 
nus and latissimus RUGHENIES 
d or S1 Muse ] es, Fascia transversalis 
The m uscular * Peritoneum ~ 
Duodenum 
fibres radiate 
downwards and 
forwards, the low- 
est fibres passing 
vertically down- 
wards, to be in- Extraperitoneal 
serted directly into eo 
the outer lip of the Kidney 
iliac crest in its 
anterior half or Lumbar fascia 
two- thirds. The LATISSIMUS DORSI 
rest of the muscle 
is inserted into an 
extensive  trian- 
gular aponeurosis Middle layer of lumbar fascia 
: ILIO-COSTALIS = 
covering the an- Vertebral aponeurosis LONGISSIMUS DORSI 
terior abdominal 
wall. This apo- 
neurosis 18 broader 
below than above; it is united with part of the aponeurosis of the obliquus 
internus in the upper three-fourths of its extent, to form the anterior layer of 
Psoas fascia 
Second lumbar 
vertebra 
Psoas 
Anterior layer 
of lumbar fascia 
MULTIFIDUS 
QUADRATUS LUMBORUM SPINA 
SEMI-SPINALIS 
DORSI 
Fra, 293.—TRANSVERSE SECTION THROUGH THE ABDOMEN, OPPOSITE THE SECOND 
LUMBAR VERTEBRA. 
OBLIQUUS EXTERNUS MUSCLE 
Aponeurosis of obliquus externus Eleventh thoracic nerve 
Intercolumnar fibres 
Twelfth thoracic nerve 
Poupart’s ligament 
Ilio-hypogastric nerve 
External 
Internal 
External abdominal ring and spermatic ecrd 
Tliae portion of fascia lata 
pillars of external abdominal ring 
External cutaneous nerve 
Faleiform ligament Suspensory ligament of penis 
= r 9g ry: 
GHaraliskeath Ilio-inguinal nerve 
Femoral vein 
Femoral artery —\pa 
Genito-crural nerve—¥j 
Inferior cornu of saphenous _1 
opening 
Femoral lymphatic gland 
— Body of penis 
- Dartos muscle of scrotum 
Internal saphenous‘vein— 
Middle cutaneous nerves Pubic portion of fascia lata 
Fira. 294.—THe Grom. THE STRUCTURES SEEN ON REMOVAL OF THE SUPERFICIAL FASCIA. 
the sheath of the rectus muscle. It thus gains an attachment, above to the ensiform 
cartilage, below to the symphysis pubis, and by its intermediate fibres to the linea 
en > a -y 
