THE CEREBELLUM. 469 
Lobes on the Upper Surface of the Cerebellum.—When examined from 
before backwards, the superior vermis presents the following sul divisions: (1) the 
lingula ; (2) the central lobule (lobulus centralis); (3) the culmen monticuli; (4) the 
clivus monticuli ; (5) the folium cacuminis (folium vermis). With the exception of 
the lingula, each of these is continuous on either side, with a corresponding district 
on the upper surface of the hemisphere, thereby forming a cerebellar lobe. Thus 
the central lobule is prolonged outwards on either side in an expansion called the 
ala; the culmen constitutes the median connecting piece between the two anterior 
crescentic lobules of the hemispheres; the clivus stands in the same relation to the 
two posterior crescentic lobules; and the folium cacuminis is the connecting band 
between the postero-superior lobules of the hemispheres. 
The lingula can only be seen when the part of the cerebellum which forms the 
bottom of the anterior notch is pushed backwards. It consists of four or five small 
folia continuous with the gray matter of the vermis superior, which are prolonged 
forwards on the upper surface of the superior medullary velum in the interval 
between the two superior cerebellar peduncles. 
Lobus Centralis with its Alee.—The lobulus centralis lies at the bottom of 
the anterior cerebellar notch, and is only seen to a very small extent on the upper 
surface of the organ. It is a little median mass which laterally is prolonged out- 
wards for a short distance round the anterior notch in the form of two expansions, 
termed the ale. 
Lobus Culminis.—The culmen monticuli constitutes the highest part or summit 
of the monticulus of the vermis superior. It is prolonged outwards on either side 
into the lateral hemisphere as the anterior crescentic lobule. This is the most 
anterior subdivision on the upper surface of the hemisphere. The two anterior 
erescentic lobules, with the culmen monticuli, form the lobus culminis cerebelli. 
Lobus Clivi.—The clivus monticuli lies behind the culmen, from which it is 
separated by a strongly marked fissure, and it forms the sloping part or descent of 
the monticulus of the vermis superior. On each side it is continuous with the 
posterior crescentic lobule of the lateral hemisphere, and the three parts are included 
under the one name of lobus clivi. 
The two crescentic lobules on the upper surface of the hemisphere are sometimes classed 
together and described as the lobulus quadrangularis. 
Lobus Cacuminis.—The folium cacuminis forms the most posterior part of the 
vermis superior, and it thus bounds the great horizontal fissure superiorly at the 
posterior notch. It is a single folium, the surface of which may be smooth or beset 
with rudimentary secondary folia. It is the median connecting link between the 
two postero-superior lobules of the hemispheres, the three parts forming the lobus 
cacuminis. As the folium cacuminis is traced outwards into the postero-superior 
lobule, it is found to expand greatly, and as a result of this the postero-superior 
lobule on each side forms an extensive foliated district bounding the great hori- 
zontal fissure above. 
Lobes on the Under Surface of the Cerebellum.—The connexion between 
the several parts of the inferior vermis and the corresponding districts on the 
under surface of the two hemispheres is not nearly so distinct as in the case of the 
vermis superior and the lobules on the upper surface of the hemispheres. A 
groove, the suleus vallecule, intervenes between the vermis inferior and the 
hemisphere on each side. 
From behind forwards the following subdivisions of the vermis inferior may be 
recognised: (1) the tuber valvule (tuber vermis); (2) the pyramid (pyramis); (3) 
the uvula; (4) the nodule (nodulus). 
On the under surface of the hemisphere there are four main lobules mapped out 
by intervening fissures. From before backwards these are: (1) the flocculus, a 
little lobule lying upon the middle peduncle of the cerebellum; (2) the biventral 
lobule (lobulus biventer), which is placed immediately behind the flocculus and is 
partially divided into two parts by a curved fissure which traverses its surface ; 
(3) the tonsil or amygdala (tonsilla), a rounded lobule which bounds the vallecula 
on the inner side of the biventral lobule; (4) the postero-inferior lobule, which is 
