BRANCHES OF THE EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY. 765 
fascia and the temporal muscle, and terminates in the temporal fossa by anastomosing 
with the deep temporal branches of the internal maxillary artery. 
(f) Orbital (a. zygomatico-orbitalis).—This branch may spring directly from the 
superficial temporal, but it is frequently a branch of the middle temporal. It runs 
forwards above the zygoma between the two layers of the temporal fascia. It supplies 
branches to the orbicularis palebrarum, and anastomoses, through the malar bone and 
round the outer margin of the orbit, with the lachrymal and palpebral branches of the 
ophthalmic artery. 
(7) The anterior terminal branch (ramus frontalis) runs forwards and upwards, in a 
tortuous course, through the superficial fascia of the scalp towards the frontal eminence, 
lying at first upon the temporal fascia, and then upon the epicranial aponeurosis. It 
supplies the frontalis and the orbicularis palpebrarum, and anastomoses with the lachrymal 
Anterior meningeal 
artery 
Anterior branch of 
~ middle meningeal 
artery 
_Deep temporal 
arteries 
Infraorbital 
artery 
Posterior branch 
of middle men- — 
ingeal artery 
Superficial tem- 
poral artery 
Middle menin- 
~ geal artery 
Internal maxil- 
lary artery 
-\— Small menin- 
geal artery 
Occipital artery 
Inferior dental 
artery 
Mylo-hyoid artery 
Posterior auricular 
artery 
Sterno-mastoid muscle 
Posterior superior 
dental artery 
Levator anguli Buccal artery 
scapule muscle 
Trapezius muscle 
Occipital artery - 
External carotid artery Mental artery 
Facial artery - 
Lingual artery 
if : Submental artery 
Internal carotid artery 
Scalenus medius muscle 
Superior thyroid artery 
Common carotid artery 
Fig. 555.—THE EXTERNAL CAROTID, INTERNAL MAXILLARY, AND MENINGEAL ARTERIES. 
and supraorbital branches of the ophthalmic artery, with the posterior terminal branch of 
the superficial temporal, and with its fellow of the opposite side. 
(kh) The posterior terminal branch (ramus parietalis), less tortuous than the anterior, 
runs upwards and backwards in the superficial fascia of the scalp. It anastomoses, 
anteriorly, with the anterior terminal branch, posteriorly with the posterior auricular 
and occipital arteries, and, across the middle line, with its fellow of the opposite side. It 
supplies the skin and fascia, and the attrahens and attollens aurem muscles. 
(8) Internal Maxillary Artery (a. maxillaris interna)—The internal maxillary 
artery commences in the parotid gland behind the neck of the lower jaw, and 
terminates in the spheno-maxillary fossa. 
Course and Relations.—Although the internal maxillary artery is only a 
short trunk it has many important relations,in the consideration of which it is 
convenient to arbitrarily divide the vessel into three parts. The first part extends 
from the back of the neck of the mandible forwards into the zygomatic fossa as 
