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798 ; THE VASCULAR SYSTEM. 
(w) Inferior suprarenal (a. suprarenalis inferior), which passes upwards to the lower part of — 
the suprarenal body. 
(b) Ureteral.—Small branches to the upper part of the ureter, which anastomose with branches 
of the spermatic or ovarian arteries. 
(c) Peri-renal—Small branches to the fatty capsule of the kidney, which anastomose with the 
lumbar arteries. 
(7) Glandular offsets, either from the main trunk or from some of its branches, pass to the 
renal and lumbar glands. 
3a. Spermatic Arteries (aa. spermatic imternve)— The spermatic arteries in 
the male, and the corresponding ovarian arteries (aa. ovarice) in the female, are two 
long slender vessels, one on the right side and one on the left, which arise from the 
front of the abdominal aorta, a short distance below the origins of the renal arteries. 
Each spermatic artery runs downwards and outwards to the internal abdominal 
ring; it then traverses the inguinal canal, and consequently takes a downward and 
inward course. On emerging from the canal, through the external abdominal ring, 
it enters the scrotum, in which it descends, almost vertically, but in a tortuous 
manner, to end immediately above the testicle by dividing into testicular and 
epididymal branches. 
Relations.—In the abdominal cavity the arteries le behind the peritoneum, to — 
which they are closely attached, and in front of the psoas muscles. The right artery is — 
also in front of the inferior vena cava. Each artery descends in front of the ureter, the — 
genito-crural nerve, and the lower end of the external iliac artery of its own side, and is | 
accompanied by two spermatic veins which unite above into a single trunk. The anterior 1 
relations differ on the two sides. The right artery lies behind, and is crossed, by the ileo- — 
colic, the right colic, and the terminal branches of the superior mesenteric artery, and by ’ 
the third part of the duodenum, the termination of the ileum, and the vermiform appendix. — 
The left artery is crossed in front by the left colic and sigmoid branches of the inferior : 
mesenteric artery and by the iliac colon. 
At the internal abdominal ring the spermatic artery comes into relation, at its mner 
side, with the vas deferens. The two structures run together round the outer and anterior 
aspects of the deep epigastric artery to the inguinal canal. i 
In the inguinal canal the spermatic artery, along with the other constituents of the L 
spermatic cord, is enclosed in the infundibular and cremasteric fascize, the intercolumnar 
fascia being added at the external abdominal ring. In this part of its course the artery 
lies in front of the vas deferens, and behind the anterior part of the pampiniform plexus 
and the spermatic veins which arise from it. 
Branches.—(«) Ureteral branches, small in size, are distributed to the middle part of the 
ureter, anastomosing above with branches from the renal and below with branches from the 
vesical arteries. 
(b) Cremasteric branches, given off in the inguinal canal and upper part of the scrotun, 
supply the cremaster muscle, and anastomose with the cremasteric branch of the deep epigastric. 
(c) Terminal Branches.—(i.) The epididymal branch runs downwards to the epididymis, which 
it supplies. It also gives twigs to the vas aberrans, the coni vasculosi, and the tunica vaginalis, 
and anastomoses with the artery of the vas deferens. (ii.) The testicular branch descends on the 
upper and back part of the testicle, and breaks up into numerous peripheral and central branches. 
The peripheral branches pass through the tunica albuginea and ramity on its inner surface; they — 
anastomose with one another and with the central branches. The central branches pass through 
the mediastinum testis and along the surfaces of the septa. | 
3b. The ovarian arteries (aa. ovaricie, Fig. 566) in the female closely corre- 
spond to the spermatic arteries in the male. They are, however, much shorter, 
and, instead of passing through the abdominal wall, descend into the pelvis, where 
they run between the layers of the broad ligament to terminate between the ovaries 
and the uterus by anastomosing with the uterine arteries. 
TT 
Relations.—In the upper part of their course the relations of the ovarian arteries are 
like those of the spermatic arteries, but about the level of the anterior superior spine of 
the ilium each ovarian artery turns inwards, and, crossing the upper part of the external 
iliac vessels (artery and vein), descends in the anterior border of the fossa ovarii, on the 
lateral wall of the pelvis, to the broad ligament, where it is placed below the Fallopian 
tube. 
Branches.—(«) Ureteral, to the middle part of the ureter. 
(b) Tubal, to the Fallopian tube, which anastomose with branches of the uterine. 
(c) Ligamentous, to the round ligament, as far as the inguinal canal. 
