- 
THE TONGUE. 953 
Papille of the Tongue (Fig. 640)—These are formed by variously -shaped 
projections of the corium of the mucous membrane, covered by thick caps of epithe- 
hum. They are of three different varieties :—1, Conical or filiform (papille conice, 
p. filiformes); 
we Fu n ciform i PD : z. lt ——— Internal carotid artery 
co ‘ aks Aa S a Seatlos, > = Foramen lacerum medium 
(papille  fungi- 
formes et p.lenti- 
culares); and e 
3, Circumvallate | (> tii arm 
(papille vallatee). + 4 ™ D 
The conical or 
filiform papille 
(Fig. 642) are . 
the smallest and 
most numerous, 
forming as they 
do a dense crop 
of minute pro- 
jections all over |, 
the anterior two- ; © 
thirds..of,,. the 
dorsum, and also 
upon the upper 
part ofthemargin 
and tip, of the 
tongue.  Pos- 
teriorly they 
are arranged in 
divergent rows 
running out- 
wards and _for- 
wards from the 
raphe, parallel to 
the limbs of the 
suleus terminalis. 
More anteriorly, 
the rows become 
nearly  trans- 
verse, and near 
the tip irregular. 
Hach papilla is 
composed of a : 
conical projection ; 
of the corium, 
beset with micro- 
scopic papille Fic. 641.—THE ANTERIOR WALL OF THE PHARYNX WITH ITS ORIFICES, SEEN 
like those of the Sper ae lat 
skin, and covered The specimen from which the drawing was made was obtained from a formalin-hardened 
body, by removing the posterior wall of the pharynx while leaving the anterior 
wall undisturbed, The following points should be noted: the greatest width of 
Cartilage of Eustachian tube 
Cavity of Eustachian tube 
= 59s, - 
i ii a a palati 
il "I : S 
~~ ——— Inferior turbinated bone 
—Lateral recess of pharynx 
— Uvula 
— Palatopharyngeus 
—— Cireumvallate papillie 
— Suleus terminalis 
Glossopharyngeal nerve 
Hl! , 
# ___  Foramen ceeum 
—_ Lymphoid follicle 
aa Middle constrictor muscle 
~ Epiglottis 
Pharyngo-epiglottic fold 
Lingual artery 
= Hyoglossus muscle 
~~ Hyoid bone 
. Superior laryngeal artery 
“Internal laryngeal nerve 
“Aryteno-epiglottie fold 
Sinus pyriformis 
“Superior aperture of larynx 
al Pits ~ —~Inferior constrictor muscle 
j ~————Top of ericoid cartilage 
by a thick long 
Cap of stratified the pharynx, above, at the lateral recesses ; the posterior nares, with the inferior 
Squamous epithe- turbinated bones seen through them ; the levator cushion ; and the pharyngeal 
lium. portion of the tongue. 
Often, however, the cap of epithelium is broken up into several long slender hair-like 
processes, giving rise to the variety known as filiform papille. The cap of epithelium is 
being constantly shed and renewed, and an excessive or diminished rate of shedding or 
renewal, coupled with the presence of various fungi, gives rise to the several varieties of 
“tongue ” found in different diseases. 
The conical and filiform papilla are probably of a prehensible or tactile nature, and 
are highly developed, and horny, in carnivora. 
= 
