THE PHARYNX. 981 
carotid sheaths with their contents, whilst the styloid process with its muscles, 
and the glosso-pharyngeal nerve, running downwards and forwards, form lateral 
relations in its upper part. Above, the pharynx is united to the basi-occipital and 
the petrous portion of the temporal bones, as already described; and below, it joins 
the cesophagus. 
The cavity of the pharynx is widest above in the naso-pharynx, immediately 
behind the Eustachian tubes (Fig. 660), where it extends out on each side, over 
the upper border of the superior constrictor, in the form of a pouch—the lateral 
Middle turbinat e 2 : 
ed bon Superior meatus of nose 
Middle meatus of nose 
Inferior meatus Sphenoidal sinus 
of nose 
Inferior turbinated bone 
Posterior edge of nasal septum 
Orifice of Eustachian 
/ tube 
Bursa pharyngea 
f Part of the 
_ Pharyngeal tonsil 
Lateral recess of 
-)-— pharynx 
ene cushion 
Salpingo- 
pharyngeal fold 
il ____ Glands in soft 
palate 
Anterior 
palatine arch 
Supratonsillar 
fossa 
=|) —Plica triangularis 
Tonsil 
—__ Posterior palatine 
arch 
i ——_ 
\ ~~ Epiglottis 
Aryteno- 
epiglottic fold 
thy, Wh Se 
Genioglossus 
/ 
Geniohyoid y 
/ Cricoid cartilage 
Lymphoid follicle if 
if 
Hyoid bone 
Fic. 661.—SaAGITTAL SECTION THROUGH MouTH, TONGUE, LARYNX, PHARYNX, AND NASAL CAvIty. 
>t ? ? 
The section is slightly oblique, and the posterior edge of the nasal septum has been preserved. 
The specimen is viewed slightly from below, hence in part the low position of the inferior 
turbinated bone. 
recess. Its width is also considerable opposite the upper part of the thyroid carti- 
lage, but it rapidly diminishes below the laryngeal orifice, and is narrowest at its 
termination in the cesophagus. 
The cavity is interrupted above by the soft palate, a movable muscular sheet, 
which is attached in front to the hard palate, and laterally to the side walls of the 
pharynx. This sheet, sloping obliquely backwards and downwards, cuts into the 
cavity of the pharynx (Fig. 661), and, falling short of the posterior wall, incom- 
pletely divides it into two, namely, an upper part or naso-pharynx (pars nasalis), and a 
