2 
ar 
spine the ureter bends somewhat inwards to reach the bladder, and is crossed on its 
inner side by the vas deferens. A little further on it comes into relationship with 
the upper end of the vesicula seminalis, in front of which it lies as it pierces 
the bladder wall. The ureter, as it passes inwards to the bladder, is placed on 
THEepwUCr OF Pie KIDNEY. 1089 
Aorta 
Peritoneum of lesser bag 
Phrenic vessels | (Esophagus 
Venacava  \ \ | Coronary artery 
Hepatic vein \ | ! / Miaphragm 
Hepatic artery / Suprarenal body 
Portal vein 
Pylorus 
Bile duet 
Suprarenal body 
Splenic artery 
/ Upper end of kidney 
Pancreas (upper surface) 
Spleen 
Pancreas 
~ (lower surface) 
~ 
Pancreas 
(anterior border) 
~ Commencement 
Head ot ae 
of jejunum 
pancreas 
Superior Gastro- 
mesenteric duodenal artery 
vein ye . 
Superior 
mesenteric artery 
Ureter & 
Inferior Duodenum 
mesenteric 
artery a . 
Spermatic vein- ; ; A " NY \\ : ee 
“ = wa / \ i Ureter 
Ureter- ee SS \ AN 
Common iliac vein A N . AW pate 
| a if \ WS | 
aA — ea Z . “ — — Colon 
: Common iliae artery ——~ — iE = \ : \ i 
oy EZ AZN \ 
Common iliae vein 
Fic. 735.—THe PosteRIoR ABDOMINAL WALL AFTER REMOVAL OF THE LIVER AND THE GREATER PART OF 
THE INTESTINES ; showing the position of the kidneys and the course of the ureters—(A. Birmingham) 
an anterior and deeper plane than the vas deferens, and is surrounded by a dense 
plexus of veins, continuous with the vesical and prostatic plexuses. When the 
ureters reach the bladder they are a little more than two inches apart. They 
pierce the bladder wall very obliquely, being embedded within its muscular 
tissue for nearly three quarters of an inch of their length. Finally, they 
open into the bladder by two small slit-like apertures which are of a valvular 
nature, and thus prevent backward passage of fluid from the bladder, When 
the bladder is empty these openings are placed at about one inch apart but 
69 
