54 (JUADRUMANA. 



regions of Abyssinia from which the Gelada comes. It differs in some 

 slight respects from the latter, and is found only in bands of thirty or 

 forty, while tiie Gelada lives in enormous companies, two iiundred being 

 only a very small troop. The Gelada sometimes comes down from the 

 lofty mountain ranges, ten thousand feet above the sea-level, to seek his 

 food in the low country. He then comes into contact with the Hama- 

 dryad and a regular battle takes place, both parties using stones. They 

 usually go on all-fours, but sometimes erect themselves, using the tail as 

 a support. They never climb high trees. 



v.— GENUS CYNOCEPHALUS. 



We now approach a class of apes, very remarkable but exceedingly 

 disgusting, both in their appearance and their habits. They are the 

 most repulsive and degraded variety of the Quadrumana ; all grace of 

 motion or form has vanished, all nobler qualities sunk into abominable 

 and loathsome lasciviousness. 



They derive their name of Cynocephali, or Dog-heads, from the 

 position of the nostrils at the extremity of the muzzle, and the formation 

 of the head and jaws. Unfortunately they do not possess the amiability 

 and intelligence of the dog as well as the shape of his head. Next to 

 the anthropoid apes, they are the largest members of the order. Their 

 frames are square, their muscular force immense. The limbs are short 

 and thick ; the gluteal callosities attain a repulsive size and are of an 

 intensely bright color. 



They are distributed through Africa and parts of Asia, but the former 

 continent seems their native home. They live in rocks, and avoid trees, 

 which they only climb when compelled to do so. Their food consists of 

 roots and fruits that grow on the ground, insects, birds' eggs, snails, ?sid 

 the like. They do great damage to plantations and vineyards, and carry 

 off the fruit to some inaccessible spot where they store it up for future 

 use. They are said, in plundering a garden, to form a chain and pass 

 the spoil from hand to hand. This is perhaps an exaggeration, but it is 

 certain that they appoint sentinels to give warning of the approach of 

 man : and these sentinels, if neglectful of their duty, are flogged to death 

 by their comrades. 



The distinguishing title of this genus is formed from two Greek 



