THE BABOONS. 55 



words, kyon, kynos, "a dog," and kcphalc, "a head." They are large- 

 sized animals, ungainly in shape, and possessed of great vigor. These 

 various advantages, joined to their naturally brutal and ferocious dis- 

 position, make them dangerous to man, especially when full-grown. 

 They have the supra-orbital arch largely developed, deep cheek pouches, 

 and all the limbs nearly of the same length. Their hands are well formed, 

 and all four provided with an opposable thumb. In general the coat is 

 long and woolly, principally on the upper parts of the body. The cal- 

 losities, as well as their face, are often tinted with the most brilliant 

 colors. Their senses are highly developed ; that of smell is particularly 

 delicate. 



As they approach maturity of existence, their primitive qualities, their 

 relative gentleness and intelligence, are changed into savageness and 

 brutality. In all their desires they then evince an incredible degree of 

 violence and impetuousness, manifesting their appetites by the most 

 revolting acts and gestures. At this period of their life, they are really 

 formidable ; for their upper canine teeth become transformed into long 

 sharp tusks, which they use with such adroitness as to produce with 

 them serious wounds. The dread they inspire in the countries they 

 inhabit is such, that the natives will often permit their gardens to be 

 ravaged by them in preference to running the danger of a conflict. 



The Cynocephalus Monkeys almost exclusively inhabit Africa, a 

 single species only being found in Asia. They live either in forests or 

 low mountainous rocky localities, and subsist on fruits and insects. In 

 captivity they are almost omnivorous. 



The Cynocephali are sometimes found in innumerable bands in Sen- 

 egal. A traveler in that country writes : " We found every landing-place 

 literally covered with monkeys, in parts crowded one against another; 

 and as we passed, they saluted us with incredible gambols and furious 

 barkings. In stating that this meeting-place did not contain less than 

 six thousand Cynocephali, I believe I am not exaggerating." 



The Cynocephali proper are distinguished from the Mormon or Man- 

 drill by the length of their tails. 



There is a wild Arab legend told about them which is given in the 

 Herat el Hehvan, or " Life of Animals," by Kemaledeen Demiri. " Once 

 on a time there stood on the banks of the Red Sea a city, the name 

 whereof was Aila. Its people were Jews. But these Jews violated the 

 sabbath regularly by catching fish on that day. Pious men remonstrated 



